1-1  By:  Sims                                              S.B. No. 964
    1-2        (In the Senate - Filed March 11, 1993; March 15, 1993, read
    1-3  first time and referred to Committee on Natural Resources;
    1-4  April 2, 1993, reported adversely, with favorable Committee
    1-5  Substitute by the following vote:  Yeas 7, Nays 0; April 2, 1993,
    1-6  sent to printer.)
    1-7                            COMMITTEE VOTE
    1-8                          Yea     Nay      PNV      Absent 
    1-9        Sims               x                               
   1-10        Truan              x                               
   1-11        Armbrister         x                               
   1-12        Barrientos                                     x   
   1-13        Bivins                                         x   
   1-14        Brown              x                               
   1-15        Carriker           x                               
   1-16        Lucio              x                               
   1-17        Montford                                       x   
   1-18        Ratliff            x                               
   1-19        Shelley                                        x   
   1-20  COMMITTEE SUBSTITUTE FOR S.B. No. 964                     By:  Sims
   1-21                         A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
   1-22                                AN ACT
   1-23  relating to the location, survey, sale, and lease of vacant and
   1-24  unsurveyed public school land and certain public boundaries and
   1-25  related fees.
   1-26        BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
   1-27        SECTION 1.  Subchapter E, Chapter 51, Natural Resources Code,
   1-28  is amended to read as follows:
   1-29              SUBCHAPTER E.  SALE AND LEASE OF VACANCIES
   1-30        Sec. 51.171.  SALE AND LEASE OF VACANT LAND.  (a)  Vacant and
   1-31  unsurveyed public school land shall be located, sold, and leased
   1-32  under this subchapter, except:
   1-33              (1)  submerged lands within tidewater limits;
   1-34              (2)  all islands, flats, and emergent lands within
   1-35  tidewater limits;
   1-36              (3)  natural lakes; and
   1-37              (4)  riverbeds, including channels and islands in
   1-38  riverbeds, above tidewater limits.
   1-39        (b)  This subchapter does not alter or diminish the public
   1-40  domain status of the surface estate of riverbeds and channels and
   1-41  islands in riverbeds that are located above tidewater limits.
   1-42        Sec. 51.172.  DEFINITIONS.  In this subchapter:
   1-43              (1)  "Applicant" means any person who files an
   1-44  application.  The term may include a good-faith claimant.
   1-45              (2)  "Application" means an application to purchase or
   1-46  lease a vacancy under this subchapter.
   1-47              (3)  "Good-faith claimant" means a person who:
   1-48                    (A)  occupies or uses or whose predecessors in
   1-49  interest have occupied or used a vacancy for purposes other than
   1-50  exploring for or removing oil, gas, sulphur, other minerals, or
   1-51  geothermal resources from the vacancy or who leases or otherwise
   1-52  conveys to another person a purported right to explore for or
   1-53  remove oil, gas, sulphur, another mineral, or geothermal resources
   1-54  from the vacancy;
   1-55                    (B)  has had, or whose predecessors in interest
   1-56  have had, the vacancy enclosed or within definite recognized
   1-57  boundaries and in possession for a period of 10 or more years with
   1-58  a good-faith belief that the vacancy was included within the
   1-59  boundaries of a survey or surveys that were previously titled,
   1-60  awarded, or sold under circumstances that would have vested title
   1-61  in the vacancy if it were actually located within the boundaries of
   1-62  the survey or surveys;
   1-63                    (C)  is the owner of land adjoining a vacancy on
   1-64  which no application has previously been filed; or
   1-65                    (D)  holds under a good-faith claimant or is
   1-66  entitled to a distributive share of any title acquired under an
   1-67  application made by a good-faith claimant.
   1-68              (4)  "Interest" means any right or title in or to real
    2-1  property, whether affecting the surface, subsurface, or mineral
    2-2  estate, including:
    2-3                    (A)  fee simple title;
    2-4                    (B)  a determinable fee created under a mineral
    2-5  lease or conveyance or otherwise;
    2-6                    (C)  a royalty, nonparticipating royalty, or
    2-7  overriding royalty interest;
    2-8                    (D)  a remainder or reversionary interest; or
    2-9                    (E)  an interest arising under a lien.
   2-10              (5)  "Interested person" means:
   2-11                    (A)  a person who may own or who claims any
   2-12  interest in land claimed to be vacant or in any land adjoining or
   2-13  overlapping that land as determined from the records of the land
   2-14  office, the records of the county clerk's office, and the tax
   2-15  records of the county or counties in which the land claimed to be
   2-16  vacant is located;
   2-17                    (B)  any other person who asserts a right to or
   2-18  interest in the land claimed to be vacant and who is known to the
   2-19  applicant or whose identity could be ascertained by the applicant
   2-20  with the exercise of reasonable diligence;
   2-21                    (C)  the attorney general; or
   2-22                    (D)  the applicant.
   2-23              (6)  "Vacancy" means an area of unsurveyed public
   2-24  school land that:
   2-25                    (A)  is not in conflict on the ground with land
   2-26  previously titled, awarded, or sold;
   2-27                    (B)  has not been listed on the records of the
   2-28  land office as public school land; and
   2-29                    (C)  was not, on the date of filing of an
   2-30  application:
   2-31                          (i)  subject to an earlier subsisting
   2-32  application by an applicant or good-faith claimant; or
   2-33                          (ii)  the subject of pending litigation
   2-34  brought by the state to recover the land.
   2-35        Sec. 51.173.  APPLICATION.  (a)  To purchase or lease a
   2-36  vacancy, a person must file an application.  The filing of an
   2-37  application commences a proceeding under this subchapter.  The
   2-38  applicant must file the application with the county surveyor of the
   2-39  county in which all or part of the land claimed to be vacant is
   2-40  located.  If the county does not have a county surveyor, the
   2-41  application must be filed with the county clerk.
   2-42        (b)  The application must:
   2-43              (1)  describe the land that is claimed to be vacant;
   2-44              (2)  state whether the applicant is a good-faith
   2-45  claimant;
   2-46              (3)  state whether the applicant seeks to purchase the
   2-47  vacancy or obtain a mineral lease on the vacancy;
   2-48              (4)  state the name and last known address of all
   2-49  interested persons; and
   2-50              (5)  provide any other information that the
   2-51  commissioner requires by rule.
   2-52        (c)  The commissioner by rule shall set an application filing
   2-53  fee in an amount of not less than $5.  The applicant shall pay the
   2-54  filing fee to the county surveyor or county clerk at the time the
   2-55  application is filed.
   2-56        (d)  The county surveyor or county clerk shall mark the exact
   2-57  date and hour of filing on the original and a duplicate copy of the
   2-58  application and shall return a marked copy to the person filing the
   2-59  application.  The original shall be recorded in a book kept for
   2-60  that purpose separate from the deed or real property records.
   2-61        (e)  Priority among applications covering the same land
   2-62  claimed to be vacant is determined by the time of filing indicated
   2-63  by the date and hour marked on the application by the county
   2-64  surveyor or county clerk.
   2-65        Sec. 51.174.  FILING APPLICATION WITH COMMISSIONER.  (a)  The
   2-66  applicant shall file with the commissioner a copy of the
   2-67  application with the county surveyor's or clerk's mark indicating
   2-68  the time of filing not later than the 10th day after the
   2-69  application is filed with the county surveyor or clerk.  The
   2-70  applicant shall include a filing fee set by the commissioner in an
    3-1  amount of not less than $100.  If the 10th day after filing falls
    3-2  on a Saturday, Sunday, or state or federal holiday, the application
    3-3  may be filed on the next regular business day following the 10th
    3-4  day.
    3-5        (b)  The commissioner shall mark the date of filing on the
    3-6  application and assign a file number to the application.
    3-7        (c)  An applicant who does not file the application with the
    3-8  commissioner in the time provided in this section or pay the filing
    3-9  fee waives all rights under the application.
   3-10        (d)  The commissioner may refuse to accept for filing an
   3-11  application that:
   3-12              (1)  has material omissions;
   3-13              (2)  does not describe the land claimed to be vacant
   3-14  adequately for the land to be located on the ground; or
   3-15              (3)  describes as vacant land that has been finally
   3-16  adjudicated in a court of this state or of the United States not to
   3-17  be vacant.
   3-18        Sec. 51.175.  DEPOSIT.  (a)  If an applicant is not a
   3-19  good-faith claimant, the commissioner shall estimate the costs of
   3-20  proceeding under the application, including the costs of a survey
   3-21  made by a licensed state land surveyor or the county surveyor, the
   3-22  preparation of copies and working sketches by the land office, the
   3-23  mailing or publication of notices and copies, and other similar
   3-24  costs, excluding allocable costs of salaries and overhead expended
   3-25  by the land office in actually conducting a hearing or preparing
   3-26  orders and proposals for decision.
   3-27        (b)  The commissioner shall notify the applicant in writing
   3-28  of the estimated costs and the applicant shall make a deposit with
   3-29  the commissioner in the amount of the estimated costs.
   3-30        (c)  If at any time the commissioner determines that the
   3-31  funds on deposit are insufficient to pay the costs of the
   3-32  proceeding, the commissioner shall estimate the additional amount
   3-33  required and shall notify the applicant in writing to make a
   3-34  supplemental deposit of the estimated amount.  The notice must be
   3-35  dated.
   3-36        (d)  The applicant shall make an initial deposit or a
   3-37  supplemental deposit not later than the 30th day after the date of
   3-38  the written notice to make the deposit.  The commissioner shall
   3-39  cancel the application if the applicant does not make a required
   3-40  deposit within the prescribed time.  Cancellation terminates all
   3-41  rights under that application.
   3-42        Sec. 51.176.  APPEAL OF AMOUNT OF DEPOSIT.  (a)  An applicant
   3-43  may appeal the amount of an initial deposit or supplemental deposit
   3-44  determined by the commissioner in the manner provided for the
   3-45  appeal of agency decisions under the Administrative Procedure and
   3-46  Texas Register Act (Article 6252-13a, Vernon's Texas Civil
   3-47  Statutes).
   3-48        (b)  If the applicant does not pay the amount determined by
   3-49  the district court on or before the 15th day after the judgment of
   3-50  the district court becomes final and nonappealable, the
   3-51  commissioner shall cancel the application.  Cancellation terminates
   3-52  all rights under that application.
   3-53        Sec. 51.177.  DISPOSITION OF DEPOSITS.  (a)  The commissioner
   3-54  shall deposit all initial and supplemental deposits received under
   3-55  this subchapter to the credit of a separate trust account in the
   3-56  treasury.  The treasurer, on the commissioner's order, shall make
   3-57  disbursements from that account for purposes authorized by this
   3-58  subchapter.
   3-59        (b)  After proceedings on an application are concluded and
   3-60  all expenditures authorized under this subchapter are paid, the
   3-61  commissioner shall provide the applicant a complete statement of
   3-62  all deposits and expenditures and shall remit to the applicant any
   3-63  balance remaining from the deposit or supplemental deposits made by
   3-64  the applicant.
   3-65        Sec. 51.178.  APPOINTMENT OF SURVEYOR.  (a)  Not later than
   3-66  the 60th day after the date on which the required deposit is paid,
   3-67  the commissioner shall appoint a licensed state land surveyor or
   3-68  the county surveyor of the county in which all or a part of the
   3-69  land claimed to be vacant is located to make a survey of that land.
   3-70        (b)  The fees and expenses paid for the survey are those
    4-1  provided by law.  If the fees and expenses are not provided by law,
    4-2  the commissioner and surveyor shall make an agreement as to the
    4-3  fees and expenses reasonable for the work to be performed.
    4-4        (c)  The fees and expenses shall be paid by the applicant,
    4-5  and may be paid from the initial deposit or any supplementary
    4-6  deposits made by the applicant under this subchapter.
    4-7        Sec. 51.179.  NOTICE TO INTERESTED PERSONS.  (a)  Not later
    4-8  than the 10th day after the date on which the commissioner appoints
    4-9  the surveyor, the commissioner shall give notice by certified mail,
   4-10  return receipt requested, to all interested persons at the last
   4-11  known address.  The notice shall contain:
   4-12              (1)  the date of the notice;
   4-13              (2)  a statement that a vacancy application has been
   4-14  made;
   4-15              (3)  the name, address, and telephone number of the
   4-16  surveyor appointed to make the survey;
   4-17              (4)  a statement that the survey may begin any time
   4-18  after the 20th day after the date of the notice;
   4-19              (5)  a statement that an interested party is entitled
   4-20  to:
   4-21                    (A)  observe the conduct of the survey;
   4-22                    (B)  receive a copy of the final survey report
   4-23  and other documents filed by the surveyor; and
   4-24                    (C)  participate in the vacancy proceeding;
   4-25              (6)  a true and legible copy of the application; and
   4-26              (7)  other information the commissioner by rule may
   4-27  prescribe.
   4-28        (b)  If the location of an interested person is unknown or if
   4-29  a notice is returned as unclaimed or undeliverable, the
   4-30  commissioner shall publish notice as prescribed by the Texas Rules
   4-31  of Civil Procedure.  If notice by publication is made, the survey
   4-32  may not begin and further proceedings may not be held until the
   4-33  30th day after publication is completed.
   4-34        (c)  If the applicant, another interested person, or the
   4-35  surveyor shows that the delay required by Subsection (b) of this
   4-36  section may materially affect the accuracy of the survey because of
   4-37  destruction, alteration, or removal of natural features, monuments,
   4-38  or witness objects, or for other good cause, the commissioner may
   4-39  order the survey to proceed.  Notice of the request to proceed with
   4-40  the survey and of any order issued in response to the request shall
   4-41  be mailed first class to all interested persons.
   4-42        Sec. 51.180.  WAIVER OF NOTICE.  (a)  An interested person
   4-43  may waive service of the notice required by Section 151.179 of this
   4-44  code by filing with the commissioner a sworn affidavit stating the
   4-45  person's intent to waive notice.  The affidavit shall state that
   4-46  the person executing the waiver has been provided with a true copy
   4-47  of the application filed with the commissioner.
   4-48        (b)  The affidavit may also state clearly the interested
   4-49  person's intent to waive all further notice of the vacancy
   4-50  proceedings.  If the affidavit states this intent, it must also
   4-51  state prominently and clearly that the interested person is aware
   4-52  that waiving the right to further notice may result in the loss of
   4-53  the opportunity to appear and to contest the application.
   4-54        (c)  The commissioner by rule may prescribe the form and
   4-55  specific content of the affidavit described in this section,
   4-56  including additional information to be included.
   4-57        Sec. 51.181.  SURVEY.  (a)  Except when notice by publication
   4-58  is required, at any time after the 20th day after the date of the
   4-59  notice required by Section 51.179(a) of this code, the surveyor
   4-60  shall begin the survey of the land claimed to be vacant.
   4-61        (b)  The surveyor shall prepare and file in the land office:
   4-62              (1)  a detailed written report of all aspects of the
   4-63  survey, including record research conducted, survey corners
   4-64  recovered in the course of the field survey, and details of
   4-65  boundary construction using recovered corners;
   4-66              (2)  field notes in the form and content prescribed by
   4-67  law, describing the land and the lines and corners surveyed;
   4-68              (3)  a complete plat depicting in detail the survey
   4-69  results;
   4-70              (4)  the names and addresses of all persons who have
    5-1  possession of the land described in the application and a
    5-2  description of the lands occupied by those persons; and
    5-3              (5)  the names and addresses of all persons who have or
    5-4  claim any interest in the land.
    5-5        (c)  The surveyor shall file the report required by this
    5-6  section not later than the 140th day after the date of the notice
    5-7  required by Section 51.179(a) of this code.  If notice by
    5-8  publication is required and the commissioner has not ordered the
    5-9  survey to proceed, the surveyor shall file the report not later
   5-10  than the 170th day after the date on which notice by publication is
   5-11  completed.  If the commissioner has ordered the survey to proceed,
   5-12  the surveyor shall file the report not later than the 140th day
   5-13  after the date of the commissioner's order.
   5-14        (d)  For good cause shown, the commissioner by written order
   5-15  may extend the time for filing the survey.  The order shall state
   5-16  the cause for the extension and shall be included in the record.  A
   5-17  single order may not extend the time for filing by more than 60
   5-18  days.
   5-19        (e)  An interested person at the person's own expense may
   5-20  have any surveying done that the person considers desirable, but a
   5-21  survey report, plat, or field notes based on a survey made by a
   5-22  person not qualified by law to survey public lands in this state
   5-23  may not be admitted into evidence in a vacancy proceeding or filed
   5-24  in the land office.
   5-25        (f)  The surveyor shall serve a true copy of the survey
   5-26  report, field notes, plat, and all other documents filed by the
   5-27  surveyor on each interested person, including those named in the
   5-28  survey report, by certified mail, return receipt requested, on the
   5-29  same day that the survey report is filed in the land office.  The
   5-30  survey report shall include a certificate of the fact of that
   5-31  service.
   5-32        Sec. 51.182.  ADDITIONAL INTERESTED PERSONS.  (a)  All
   5-33  persons named in the survey report as occupying or as having or
   5-34  claiming any interest in the land described in the application
   5-35  shall be included in the proceeding as interested persons and shall
   5-36  be provided notice as prescribed by this subchapter.
   5-37        (b)  An application may not be canceled or a proceeding
   5-38  terminated because of the discovery of an additional interested
   5-39  person unless the commissioner finds that the person filing the
   5-40  application knowingly and intentionally omitted the name of the
   5-41  person from the application.
   5-42        Sec. 51.183.  EXCEPTIONS.  An interested person may file
   5-43  exceptions to the survey report, field notes, and plat not later
   5-44  than the 30th day after the date the survey report is filed in the
   5-45  land office.  A person filing exceptions shall serve a true copy on
   5-46  all interested persons and on the surveyor by certified mail,
   5-47  return receipt requested.  The exceptions shall include a
   5-48  certificate of the fact of that service.
   5-49        Sec. 51.184.  ADDITIONAL SURVEYS.  (a)  The commissioner or
   5-50  the land office staff may consult with the surveyor.  The
   5-51  commissioner, after notice to the interested persons, may direct
   5-52  the surveyor to make additional surveys, to investigate as the
   5-53  commissioner considers necessary, and to prepare supplemental
   5-54  reports, plats, and field notes the commissioner requires.
   5-55        (b)  The surveyor shall provide copies of all reports, plats,
   5-56  field notes, and other information resulting from additional
   5-57  surveys and investigation to all interested persons.
   5-58        (c)  An interested person may file exceptions or other
   5-59  responses not later than the 20th day after the surveyor files the
   5-60  required documents with the land office.
   5-61        (d)  Service of additional documents and exceptions or
   5-62  responses to those documents shall be made as provided by Sections
   5-63  51.181 and 51.183 of this code.
   5-64        Sec. 51.185.  ACTION ON APPLICATION.  (a)  Not later than the
   5-65  90th day after the date on which the surveyor files the survey
   5-66  report and other documents required to be filed, the commissioner
   5-67  shall either deny the application as provided by Section 51.186 of
   5-68  this code or hold a hearing to determine whether a vacancy exists.
   5-69        (b)  Except as provided by Section 51.192 of this code, the
   5-70  commissioner may not find that a vacancy exists unless a hearing is
    6-1  held.
    6-2        (c)  The commissioner shall decide all issues raised or that
    6-3  could be raised by the application and any exceptions or responses
    6-4  to the application, including the existence of a vacancy, the
    6-5  boundaries of a vacancy, and the status and rights of any
    6-6  interested person as a good-faith claimant or prior applicant.
    6-7        (d)  The commissioner may not decide in a proceeding on an
    6-8  application any claim of the state or permanent school fund for
    6-9  damages arising from trespass, the removal or use of minerals or
   6-10  geothermal resources, mispayment of proceeds from the sale or use
   6-11  of minerals or geothermal resources, damages to the soil,
   6-12  vegetation, or other life or habitat, and similar or related
   6-13  claims.  Those claims may be asserted by the commissioner in
   6-14  administrative proceedings under rules adopted by the commissioner
   6-15  or through suit brought by the attorney general at the request of
   6-16  the commissioner.
   6-17        (e)  Evidence or testimony regarding the existence or extent
   6-18  of mineral development or other economic use of land claimed to be
   6-19  vacant may not be introduced or considered, unless that evidence or
   6-20  testimony is relevant to determine the existence or boundaries of
   6-21  the alleged vacancy or the status of a person as a good-faith
   6-22  claimant.
   6-23        Sec. 51.186.  DENIAL OF APPLICATION.  (a)  If, after
   6-24  reviewing the survey report, any supplemental reports, any
   6-25  exceptions to the reports, all pertinent publicly available records
   6-26  of the land office and the state archives, and land office staff
   6-27  recommendations, the commissioner decides that the land claimed to
   6-28  be vacant is not vacant, the commissioner may enter an order
   6-29  denying the application.  The order shall contain findings of fact,
   6-30  conclusions of law, and other matters the commissioner considers
   6-31  appropriate.
   6-32        (b)  The commissioner shall promptly send a true copy of the
   6-33  order denying the application to the applicant by certified mail,
   6-34  return receipt requested.
   6-35        (c)  The commissioner shall place in the file assigned to the
   6-36  application the original order, all materials filed by the
   6-37  surveyor, all exceptions and responses to the surveyor's filings,
   6-38  all memoranda provided to the commissioner by the land office
   6-39  staff, a list of all files and records of the land office and state
   6-40  archives examined by the staff or commissioner in connection with
   6-41  the application, and all other relevant papers.
   6-42        (d)  An interested person may request a rehearing and appeal
   6-43  the commissioner's order as provided by the Administrative
   6-44  Procedure and Texas Register Act (Article 6252-13a, Vernon's Texas
   6-45  Civil Statutes) and by rules adopted by the commissioner consistent
   6-46  with that Act.  If rehearing is not requested, the order becomes
   6-47  final on the 30th day after the date it is signed.  If rehearing is
   6-48  requested and denied, the order becomes final on the date that time
   6-49  for appeal to the district court expires.  If appeal is taken, the
   6-50  order becomes final on the date that a judgment disposing of the
   6-51  order becomes final.
   6-52        (e)  When the commissioner's order denying the vacancy is
   6-53  final, all rights under the application are terminated.
   6-54        Sec. 51.187.  EFFECT OF FINAL ORDER.  (a)  A final order of
   6-55  the commissioner under this subchapter is conclusive with respect
   6-56  to the land described in the application.  A final order of the
   6-57  commissioner does not have the effect of stare decisis.
   6-58        (b)  The cancellation, withdrawal, abandonment, or
   6-59  termination of an application, the refusal of the commissioner to
   6-60  accept an application for filing, or the order or judgment of any
   6-61  court resulting in or affecting such an action has no effect on a
   6-62  subsequent determination of whether any land described in the
   6-63  application is vacant.
   6-64        (c)  A decision of the commissioner issued before September
   6-65  1, 1993, that denies a vacancy application or letter of inquiry is
   6-66  not conclusive as to the existence or nonexistence of a vacancy.
   6-67        Sec. 51.188.  RULEMAKING; VENUE OF APPEALS.  (a)  A hearing
   6-68  under this subchapter and further proceedings arising from the
   6-69  hearing shall be conducted in accordance with the Administrative
   6-70  Procedure and Texas Register Act (Article 6252-13a, Vernon's Texas
    7-1  Civil Statutes) and rules adopted by the commissioner consistent
    7-2  with that Act.
    7-3        (b)  Appeal of a final order of the commissioner is to a
    7-4  district court of the county in which the land claimed to be vacant
    7-5  or a part of that land is located.  The district court shall review
    7-6  the commissioner's order under the substantial evidence rule.
    7-7        Sec. 51.189.  COMMISSIONER'S ORDER.  (a)  If it appears to
    7-8  the commissioner that the alleged vacancy is not in conflict with
    7-9  land previously titled, awarded, or sold by the state or its
   7-10  predecessor sovereigns, the commissioner shall enter an order
   7-11  declaring the existence of a vacancy and determining all other
   7-12  issues.
   7-13        (b)  If it appears to the commissioner that the land claimed
   7-14  to be vacant is not vacant, the commissioner shall enter an order
   7-15  denying the application and determining all other issues.
   7-16        (c)  The commissioner shall base the order on the testimony
   7-17  and other competent evidence presented at the hearing, the
   7-18  surveyor's filings and all supplements to those filings, any
   7-19  exceptions or responses to the surveyor's filings and all
   7-20  supplements to those filings, and the publicly available records of
   7-21  the land office and the state archives.  The commissioner and the
   7-22  examiner or examiners who conduct hearings on the application may
   7-23  consult with the land office staff and the surveyor to the extent
   7-24  permitted by the Administrative Procedure and Texas Register Act
   7-25  (Article 6252-13a, Vernon's Texas Civil Statutes).  The record
   7-26  shall include a list of the names and titles of all staff
   7-27  consulted, a list of the files and documents of the land office and
   7-28  state archives examined, and a copy of all memoranda provided to
   7-29  the examiners or commissioner by the land office staff or by the
   7-30  surveyor.
   7-31        (d)  The order shall contain:
   7-32              (1)  findings of fact;
   7-33              (2)  conclusions of law;
   7-34              (3)  a field note description of the land, if any,
   7-35  found to be vacant sufficient to locate it on the ground and other
   7-36  elements required by law;
   7-37              (4)  an accurate plat of the land, if any, found to be
   7-38  vacant consistent with the field notes and prepared by the surveyor
   7-39  or a licensed state land surveyor on the land office staff; and
   7-40              (5)  other matters the commissioner considers
   7-41  appropriate.
   7-42        (e)  The commissioner's order may adopt, without restating,
   7-43  the findings of fact and conclusions of law stated in a proposal
   7-44  for decision prepared by the examiner or examiners who conducted
   7-45  the hearings and any opinion or statement contained in that
   7-46  proposal for decision.
   7-47        Sec. 51.190.  DETERMINATION OF BOUNDARIES; REOPENING.
   7-48  (a)  In determining the boundaries and size of a vacancy, the
   7-49  commissioner is not restricted to a description of the land claimed
   7-50  to be vacant that is provided by the applicant, the surveyor, or an
   7-51  interested party.  The commissioner shall adopt the description of
   7-52  a vacancy that best describes the vacancy and is consistent with
   7-53  the information available under this section.
   7-54        (b)  If in determining the boundaries and size of a vacancy,
   7-55  it becomes apparent to the commissioner that persons who have not
   7-56  been named as interested persons and who have not been served
   7-57  notice of the proceeding under the application may be affected by
   7-58  the finding that a vacancy exists at the location and with the
   7-59  boundaries believed by the commissioner to conform to the record,
   7-60  the proceeding shall be reopened and the persons affected shall be
   7-61  joined as interested persons and given an opportunity to
   7-62  participate adequately in the proceeding.  This subsection does not
   7-63  require the refiling of an application or the conduct of a new
   7-64  survey by the surveyor.
   7-65        Sec. 51.191.  GOOD-FAITH CLAIMANT STATUS.  (a)  An applicant
   7-66  or interested person who wishes to assert status as a good-faith
   7-67  claimant may file notice of claim of good-faith status at any time
   7-68  before the 20th day preceding the date on which the first hearing
   7-69  before the commissioner begins.  The notice of claim of good-faith
   7-70  status shall state the grounds for the claim and describe the land
    8-1  claimed to be affected by the good-faith status.  The notice shall
    8-2  be filed in the land office and served on all interested persons by
    8-3  certified mail, return receipt requested.
    8-4        (b)  Filing notice of claim of good-faith status is not an
    8-5  admission by the person asserting the claim that a vacancy exists.
    8-6        Sec. 51.192.  ORDER WITHOUT NOTICE AND HEARING.  (a)  An
    8-7  applicant who asserts status as a good-faith claimant may present
    8-8  evidence to the commissioner that:
    8-9              (1)  the good-faith claimant owns all of the land and
   8-10  interests in land completely surrounding the land claimed to be
   8-11  vacant;
   8-12              (2)  there is no subsisting prior application covering
   8-13  the land described in the good-faith claimant's application;
   8-14              (3)  no previous application has been made covering the
   8-15  land described in the good-faith claimant's application; and
   8-16              (4)  the good-faith claimant meets all other
   8-17  requirements of a good-faith claimant.
   8-18        (b)  If the commissioner finds that the evidence presented is
   8-19  accurate, further notice to other persons is not required and, on
   8-20  acceptance for filing by the commissioner of a survey made by a
   8-21  licensed state land surveyor or the county surveyor of the county
   8-22  in which the land claimed to be vacant or a part of that land is
   8-23  located, the commissioner may enter an order declaring the
   8-24  existence of the vacancy and determining the good-faith status of
   8-25  the applicant.
   8-26        (c)  For purposes of this section, land claimed to be vacant
   8-27  and surrounded by lands owned only by the good-faith claimant and
   8-28  the state is considered to be surrounded completely by land owned
   8-29  by the good-faith claimant.
   8-30        (d)  Two or more persons may jointly apply as good-faith
   8-31  claimants under this section if together they meet the requirements
   8-32  of Subsection (a) of this section.
   8-33        (e)  A person who would have been an interested person under
   8-34  an application made under this subchapter by a person other than a
   8-35  good-faith claimant may move to set aside an order entered under
   8-36  this section by filing a written motion with the commissioner not
   8-37  later than the second anniversary of the date of that order.  The
   8-38  person shall serve a true copy of the motion by certified mail,
   8-39  return receipt requested, on the applicant and all persons holding
   8-40  or claiming under the applicant.
   8-41        (f)  The commissioner shall set aside an order issued under
   8-42  this section finding that a vacancy exists if, after notice and
   8-43  hearing, the commissioner finds that the person asserting rights
   8-44  under this section, at the time the order declaring the vacancy was
   8-45  entered, did not:
   8-46              (1)  qualify as a good-faith claimant under this
   8-47  subchapter;
   8-48              (2)  own all of the land and interests in land
   8-49  surrounding the land claimed to be vacant; or
   8-50              (3)  meet another material requirement of this section.
   8-51        (g)  The commissioner on the commissioner's own motion may
   8-52  set aside an order after notice and hearing as required by
   8-53  Subsections (e) and (f) of this section.
   8-54        (h)  If the order is set aside, the commissioner shall reopen
   8-55  the proceeding on the application and conduct the reopened
   8-56  proceeding in the same manner as proceedings on other applications.
   8-57        (i)  The issues in a reopened proceeding are limited to the
   8-58  status of the applicant as a good-faith claimant entitled to rights
   8-59  under this section and the rights of any other person as an
   8-60  applicant or good-faith claimant.
   8-61        (j)  An application of a good-faith claimant who does not own
   8-62  all of the land and interests in land completely surrounding the
   8-63  land claimed to be vacant is treated as an application under other
   8-64  sections of this subchapter.
   8-65        Sec. 51.193.  SALE OR LEASE OF VACANCY.  (a)  When a vacancy
   8-66  has been established by final order, the school land board may sell
   8-67  or lease the vacancy as provided by this subchapter.
   8-68        (b)  The board shall set the sale price and other terms and
   8-69  conditions as in all other sales of other lands dedicated to the
   8-70  permanent school fund.  The sale price may not be less than the
    9-1  fair market value as determined by an appraisal conducted by the
    9-2  land office.
    9-3        (c)  The fee prescribed in Section 32.110(a) of this code
    9-4  applies to all sales and leases made under this subchapter.
    9-5        (d)  The board may allow a credit against the sale price in
    9-6  an amount not to exceed the actual cost of the survey paid by an
    9-7  applicant or good-faith claimant if:
    9-8              (1)  the purchaser is a person exercising a
    9-9  preferential right to purchase under this subchapter;
   9-10              (2)  the board has reserved all mineral and geothermal
   9-11  leasing rights; and
   9-12              (3)  the board finds that the fair market value of the
   9-13  mineral estate is equal to or exceeds 50 percent of the amount of
   9-14  the credit.
   9-15        Sec. 51.194.  CONDITIONS OF SALE; MINERAL AWARDS.  (a)  In
   9-16  all sales, the board shall reserve to the permanent school fund all
   9-17  oil, gas, sulphur, geothermal resources, and other minerals and
   9-18  shall determine the manner in which those minerals and geothermal
   9-19  resources are to be leased.
   9-20        (b)  Before the sale of a vacancy, the land office shall
   9-21  prepare and present to the board a study of the mineral prospects
   9-22  and value of the vacancy, taking into consideration the size and
   9-23  configuration of the vacancy, its location with respect to other
   9-24  surrounding and nearby tracts, the proximity of mineral production,
   9-25  and the likelihood of future mineral leasing and development.  The
   9-26  study shall include a recommendation as to the method most
   9-27  advantageous to the state by which the vacancy could be leased.
   9-28        (c)  The board shall review the study and land office
   9-29  recommendations and shall determine whether:
   9-30              (1)  the state shall retain all leasing rights and the
   9-31  vacancy shall be leased as provided in Subchapter B, Chapter 52,
   9-32  and Subchapters B and E, Chapter 53, of this code; or
   9-33              (2)  the owner of the soil shall be designated to
   9-34  execute leases as the agent of the state subject to the rights,
   9-35  obligations, and liabilities of Subchapter F, Chapter 52, and
   9-36  Subchapter C, Chapter 53, of this code.
   9-37        (d)  If the board determines that the owner of the soil shall
   9-38  act as agent under Subsection (c)(2) of this section, the board
   9-39  shall establish the division of bonus, rental, and royalty between
   9-40  the permanent school fund and the owner of the soil.  The portion
   9-41  to be paid to the owner of the soil may not be less than 20 percent
   9-42  or more than 50 percent.  The board may establish different
   9-43  portions to be paid to the owner of the soil for the lease of
   9-44  different substances.
   9-45        (e)  If the board provides for lease by the owner of the soil
   9-46  under Subsection (c)(2) of this section, the original purchaser is
   9-47  a good-faith claimant, and the vacancy was established under an
   9-48  application made by a person other than a good-faith claimant, the
   9-49  board shall award the applicant a perpetual nonparticipating
   9-50  royalty of not less than 1/32 or more than 1/16 of the value of all
   9-51  oil, gas, and other minerals produced.
   9-52        (f)  If the board determines that the state shall retain all
   9-53  leasing rights as provided in Subsection (c)(1) of this section,
   9-54  the board shall award:
   9-55              (1)  to an applicant other than a good-faith claimant,
   9-56  a perpetual nonparticipating royalty of 1/32 of the value of oil,
   9-57  gas, and other minerals produced; and
   9-58              (2)  to a good-faith claimant purchasing the vacancy, a
   9-59  nonparticipating royalty of 1/32 of the value of oil, gas, and
   9-60  other minerals produced.
   9-61        (g)  If a preferential right to obtain the first mineral
   9-62  lease on a vacancy is exercised, the applicant, whether or not a
   9-63  good-faith claimant, is entitled to a royalty credit equal to 1/4
   9-64  of the royalty retained by the state under the lease for a period
   9-65  of five years from the date of first production under the first
   9-66  lease awarded.
   9-67        Sec. 51.195.  PREFERENTIAL RIGHT OF GOOD-FAITH CLAIMANT.
   9-68  (a)  A good-faith claimant has a preferential right to purchase or
   9-69  lease the portion of a vacancy subject to the good-faith claim.
   9-70        (b)  A good-faith claimant may exercise the preferential
   10-1  right by filing a notice of intent to purchase or lease, on a form
   10-2  prescribed by the board, not later than the 90th day after the date
   10-3  the order establishing the vacancy becomes final.  The good-faith
   10-4  claimant shall describe in the notice the portion of the vacancy
   10-5  the good-faith claimant seeks to purchase or lease.  The good-faith
   10-6  claimant shall mail a copy of the notice to the applicant and to
   10-7  all other interested persons who have asserted status as good-faith
   10-8  claimants.
   10-9        (c)  All preferential rights held by a good-faith claimant
  10-10  expire if the  good-faith claimant does not file the notice of
  10-11  intent within the time prescribed by Subsection (b) of this section
  10-12  or does not complete the purchase or lease within 60 days after the
  10-13  board sets the terms of the purchase or lease.  For good cause
  10-14  shown, the board may extend the time to complete the purchase or
  10-15  lease by a period not to exceed 90 days.
  10-16        (d)  A good-faith claimant exercising a preferential right
  10-17  shall repay to the applicant the applicant's reasonable expenses
  10-18  incurred in determining the existence of a vacancy, excluding
  10-19  filing and attorney's fees, not later than the date on which the
  10-20  sale or purchase by the good-faith claimant is completed.  Failure
  10-21  to pay the expenses cancels the preferential right of the
  10-22  good-faith claimant.
  10-23        Sec. 51.196.  PREFERENTIAL RIGHT OF APPLICANT OTHER THAN
  10-24  GOOD-FAITH CLAIMANT.  (a)  On the expiration of the preferential
  10-25  right of a good-faith claimant to purchase or lease or if there is
  10-26  no good-faith claimant, an applicant who is not a good-faith
  10-27  claimant has a preferential right to purchase or lease all or any
  10-28  portion of the vacancy.
  10-29        (b)  An applicant may exercise the preferential right by
  10-30  filing a notice of intent to purchase or lease, on a form
  10-31  prescribed by the board, not later than the 90th day after the date
  10-32  on which the rights of the good-faith claimant expire.  The
  10-33  applicant shall describe in the notice the portion of the vacancy
  10-34  the applicant seeks to purchase or lease.  The applicant shall mail
  10-35  a copy of the notice to all other interested persons asserting
  10-36  status as good-faith claimants.
  10-37        (c)  All preferential rights held by an applicant expire if
  10-38  the applicant does not file the notice of intent within the time
  10-39  prescribed by Subsection (b) of this section or does not complete
  10-40  the purchase or lease within 60 days after the date on which the
  10-41  board sets the terms of the purchase or lease.  For good cause
  10-42  shown, the board may extend the time to complete the purchase or
  10-43  lease by a period not to exceed 90 days.
  10-44        Sec. 51.197.  RIGHTS ASSIGNABLE.  An applicant or good-faith
  10-45  claimant may assign all rights in a vacancy or land claimed to be
  10-46  vacant.  The assignment must be in writing.  The assignor shall
  10-47  record the assignment in the real property records of the county or
  10-48  counties in which the vacancy or land claimed to be vacant is
  10-49  located and file a certified copy of the recorded assignment in the
  10-50  land office.
  10-51        Sec. 51.198.  LEASE TERMS UNDER PREFERENTIAL RIGHTS.  The
  10-52  board shall prescribe terms for preferential purchases or leases
  10-53  consistent with this subchapter.  The board may not grant a
  10-54  preferential lease with a royalty of less than 1/8 of the value of
  10-55  all oil, gas, and sulphur produced or less than five percent of the
  10-56  value of all geothermal resources and all other minerals produced.
  10-57        Sec. 51.199.  EFFECT OF PRIOR CONVEYANCES.  (a)  A mineral
  10-58  lease, surface lease, deed, or any other conveyance of any interest
  10-59  in land executed by a good-faith claimant before the date of
  10-60  completion of a sale or lease under this subchapter does not give
  10-61  the grantee under that conveyance any interest in or to the vacancy
  10-62  or its minerals.
  10-63        (b)  A title to land or an interest in land acquired from the
  10-64  state under a preferential right does not pass as after-acquired
  10-65  title under a covenant of general warranty, description, or other
  10-66  provision contained in a conveyance executed before the date of
  10-67  completion of a sale or lease under this subchapter.
  10-68        Sec. 51.200.  RULEMAKING AUTHORITY.  (a)  The commissioner
  10-69  may adopt rules consistent with this subchapter relating to
  10-70  applications to purchase or lease vacancies and the determination
   11-1  of the existence of vacancies.
   11-2        (b)  The board may adopt rules consistent with this
   11-3  subchapter relating to the sale and lease of vacancies.
   11-4        <Sec. 51.171.  ><Sale and Lease of Vacant Land><.  Vacant and
   11-5  unsurveyed public school land except riverbeds, channels, islands,
   11-6  lakes, bays, and other areas in tidewater limits shall be sold and
   11-7  leased under the provisions of this subchapter.>
   11-8        <Sec. 51.172.  ><Definitions><.  In this subchapter:>
   11-9              <(1)  "Good-faith claimant" and "claimant" mean any
  11-10  person:>
  11-11                    <(A)  who occupies or uses or has previously
  11-12  occupied or used or whose predecessors in interest have occupied or
  11-13  used a vacancy for purposes other than exploring for or removing
  11-14  oil, gas, sulphur, or other minerals from the vacancy; and>
  11-15                    <(B)  who has himself or whose predecessors in
  11-16  interest had the vacancy enclosed or within definite recognized
  11-17  boundaries and in possession for a period of 10 years with a
  11-18  good-faith belief that the vacancy was included inside the
  11-19  boundaries of the survey or surveys that were previously titled,
  11-20  awarded, or sold under circumstances that would have vested title
  11-21  in the vacancy if it were actually located within the boundaries of
  11-22  the survey or surveys whose boundaries are recognized boundaries in
  11-23  the community.>
  11-24              <(2)  "Vacancy" means an area of unsurveyed public
  11-25  school land that:>
  11-26                    <(A)  is not in conflict on the ground with land
  11-27  previously titled, awarded, or sold;>
  11-28                    <(B)  has not been listed on the records of the
  11-29  land office as public school land; and>
  11-30                    <(C)  was, on the date of filing, neither subject
  11-31  to an earlier subsisting application to purchase or lease by a
  11-32  discoverer or claimant nor involved in pending litigation brought
  11-33  by the state to recover the land.>
  11-34              <(3)  "Applicant" means any person, other than a
  11-35  good-faith claimant, who discovers and files an application to
  11-36  purchase or lease a vacancy.>
  11-37        <Sec. 51.174.  ><Purchase of Vacancy by Adjoining Landowner><.
  11-38  If the owner of the land adjoining an alleged vacancy files an
  11-39  application to purchase the vacancy and no application to purchase
  11-40  or lease the vacancy has been previously filed, the owner of the
  11-41  adjoining land, who otherwise qualifies as a good-faith claimant,
  11-42  shall be considered a good-faith claimant regardless of the length
  11-43  of time he has owned the adjoining land or has enclosed the vacancy
  11-44  or has had it within definite recognized boundaries and in
  11-45  possession with the belief that the vacancy was included within his
  11-46  survey.>
  11-47        <Sec. 51.175.  ><Application to Purchase or Lease a Vacancy><.
  11-48  (a)  An applicant who claims that a vacancy exists and who desires
  11-49  to purchase or lease the vacancy shall file with the county
  11-50  surveyor in the county in which any part of the vacancy is located
  11-51  a sworn written application in duplicate to purchase or lease the
  11-52  vacancy.>
  11-53        <(b)  The application shall:>
  11-54              <(1)  describe the land that is claimed to be vacant;>
  11-55              <(2)  state the desire of the applicant to purchase or
  11-56  lease the land under the provisions of this chapter;>
  11-57              <(3)  give the names and addresses of any owners or
  11-58  claimants of land or any interest in land or of leases on,
  11-59  adjoining, overlapping, or including the land claimed to be vacant
  11-60  as far as can be determined from the records of the land office and
  11-61  the county clerk's office in the county in which the land is
  11-62  located and the tax records of the county in which the land is
  11-63  located;>
  11-64              <(4)  give the names and addresses of any persons who,
  11-65  from facts known to the applicant, assert any right to the alleged
  11-66  vacant land; and>
  11-67              <(5)  state that the applicant knows of no other
  11-68  claimants than those listed.>
  11-69        <Sec. 51.176.  ><Filing Fee><.  At the time the application is
  11-70  filed, the applicant shall pay to the county surveyor a filing fee
   12-1  set by the board of not less than $5.>
   12-2        <Sec. 51.177.  ><Filing Application With County><.  (a)  The
   12-3  county surveyor shall mark the exact date and hour of filing on the
   12-4  original and duplicate copy of each application and shall return
   12-5  one copy of the application to the applicant and shall record the
   12-6  other copy in a book kept for that purpose.>
   12-7        <(b)  If the county does not have a county surveyor, the
   12-8  preliminary filing of the application shall be with the county
   12-9  clerk.  The county clerk shall record the application in a book
  12-10  kept for that purpose and not in the deed records.>
  12-11        <Sec. 51.178.  ><Filing Application With Commissioner><.
  12-12  (a)  Within 10 days after the application is filed with the county
  12-13  surveyor, the copy of the application that is returned to the
  12-14  applicant shall be filed with the commissioner.>
  12-15        <(b)  The commissioner shall mark the date of filing on the
  12-16  application.>
  12-17        <(c)  The applicant shall pay to the commissioner a filing
  12-18  fee set by the commissioner in an amount not less than $100.>
  12-19        <(d)  Failure to file the application with the commissioner
  12-20  in the time provided by this section and to pay the filing fee
  12-21  constitutes a waiver of all rights under the application.>
  12-22        <(e)  As between applicants, priority dates from the time of
  12-23  filing the application with the county surveyor.>
  12-24        <Sec. 51.179.  ><Deposit><.  (a)  The commissioner shall notify
  12-25  the applicant by letter of the estimated cost of proceeding under
  12-26  the application, and within 30 days after the date of the
  12-27  commissioner's letter, the applicant shall make a deposit with the
  12-28  commissioner to pay the cost of the work that may be necessary to
  12-29  comply with the request contained in the application.>
  12-30        <(b)  On failure to make the deposit required under this
  12-31  section, all rights under the application are lost.>
  12-32        <Sec. 51.180.  ><Insufficient Deposit><.  (a)  If the deposit is
  12-33  insufficient, the applicant shall be requested by letter to make a
  12-34  further deposit of an amount determined by the commissioner.>
  12-35        <(b)  If the further deposit is not made within 30 days after
  12-36  the date of the letter, work shall be discontinued and the
  12-37  application canceled with the cancellation endorsed on the
  12-38  application.>
  12-39        <(c)  On cancellation, the right to purchase or lease the
  12-40  vacancy under the application is lost.>
  12-41        <Sec. 51.181.  ><Appeal of Amount of Deposit><.  (a)  The
  12-42  applicant is entitled to appeal the estimated cost determined by
  12-43  the commissioner to a district court in Travis County by giving
  12-44  written notice to the commissioner within 15 days after receiving
  12-45  the estimated cost from the commissioner as provided in Sections
  12-46  51.179 through 51.180 of this code.>
  12-47        <(b)  The applicant has 15 days after the district court
  12-48  enters its decision in which to pay the amount ordered by the
  12-49  court's decision.>
  12-50        <Sec. 51.182.  ><Deposits as Trust Fund><.  Deposits provided
  12-51  under Sections 51.179 through 51.180 of this code shall be a
  12-52  special trust fund to be used only for the purpose authorized by
  12-53  this subchapter.>
  12-54        <Sec. 51.183.  ><Statement and Refund of Remaining Deposit><.  As
  12-55  soon as the total expense properly charged against the deposit is
  12-56  determined, the commissioner shall render a complete statement to
  12-57  the applicant together with any balance remaining from the deposit.>
  12-58        <Sec. 51.184.  ><Notice of Intention to Survey><.  (a)  After the
  12-59  application is filed with the commissioner and the deposit is made,
  12-60  the commissioner shall mail a notice of intention to survey to all
  12-61  persons named as interested persons in the application at the
  12-62  addresses provided in the application and to the attorney general.>
  12-63        <(b)  The notices shall be deposited in the post office in
  12-64  Austin at least 10 days before the date set for the beginning of
  12-65  the survey.>
  12-66        <Sec. 51.185.  ><Appointment of Surveyor><.  (a)  The
  12-67  commissioner shall appoint a surveyor to make the survey in
  12-68  accordance with the notice of intention to survey.>
  12-69        <(b)  The surveyor shall be a surveyor licensed by the state
  12-70  or the county surveyor of the county in which the vacancy or part
   13-1  of the vacancy is located.>
   13-2        <(c)  The fees and expenses paid for the survey shall be the
   13-3  same as provided by law, and if the fees and expenses are not
   13-4  provided by law, the commissioner and surveyor shall make an
   13-5  agreement as to fees and expenses that shall not be more than an
   13-6  amount that is reasonable for the work performed.>
   13-7        <(d)  The fees and expenses shall be paid by the applicant.>
   13-8        <Sec. 51.186.  ><Survey Report><.  (a)  Except as provided in
   13-9  Subsection (b) of this section, a written report of the survey,
  13-10  together with field notes describing the land and the lines and
  13-11  corners surveyed and a plat showing the results of the survey,
  13-12  shall be filed in the land office within 120 days from the filing
  13-13  of the application.>
  13-14        <(b)  The commissioner may extend the time for filing the
  13-15  survey if good cause is shown.  The cause for extension of time
  13-16  shall be stated in writing and filed as part of the record of the
  13-17  proceedings.  An extension of time may not be more than 60 days.>
  13-18        <(c)  The survey report shall give the names and post-office
  13-19  addresses of all persons who have possession of the land described
  13-20  in the application and of all persons found by the surveyor who
  13-21  have or claim any interest in the land.>
  13-22        <Sec. 51.187.  ><Personal Survey><.  Any interested party at his
  13-23  own expense may have any surveying done that he considers
  13-24  desirable.>
  13-25        <Sec. 51.188.  ><Hearing and Notice><.  (a)  Within 60 days after
  13-26  the surveyor makes his report, a hearing may be held before the
  13-27  commissioner to determine whether or not there is a vacancy.>
  13-28        <(b)  The date for the hearing shall be provided in the
  13-29  notice that the commissioner shall give to all persons thought to
  13-30  be interested parties and to all persons shown by the record of the
  13-31  proceeding to be interested parties, including the attorney
  13-32  general.>
  13-33        <(c)  The notice of the hearing shall be deposited at the
  13-34  post office in Austin at least 10 days before the date set for the
  13-35  hearing.>
  13-36        <(d)  At the hearing, the state and each interested party,
  13-37  whether or not he received notice, is entitled to be heard.>
  13-38        <(e)  The hearing shall be conducted in accordance with the
  13-39  provisions of the Administrative Procedure and Texas Register Act
  13-40  (Article 6252-13a, Vernon's Texas Civil Statutes).>
  13-41        <Sec. 51.189.  ><Determination of Vacancy by Commissioner><.
  13-42  (a)  If it appears to the commissioner that the alleged vacancy is
  13-43  not in conflict with land previously titled, awarded, or sold by
  13-44  the state, he shall give prompt notice of this finding to the
  13-45  applicant and to all persons who were previously identified as
  13-46  interested parties.>
  13-47        <(b)  After the notice is given under Subsection (a) of this
  13-48  section, and subject to the preferential right of a good-faith
  13-49  claimant, the applicant is entitled for 120 days to purchase or
  13-50  lease the portion of the land that is determined to be vacant at a
  13-51  price set by the board as provided in this code and with the same
  13-52  royalty reservation as provided in Section 51.201 of this code.>
  13-53        <(c)  No award may be made by the commissioner unless a
  13-54  hearing is held, and no presumption may obtain in a suit involving
  13-55  the existence of a vacancy as a result of the action of the
  13-56  commissioner in this respect.>
  13-57        <Sec. 51.190.  ><Purchase or Lease by Applicant><.  (a)  If there
  13-58  is no good-faith claimant or if no good-faith claimant exercises
  13-59  his preferential right within the time allowed, the applicant is
  13-60  entitled to purchase or lease, according to his application, the
  13-61  vacancy for which he made application and which is found to exist.>
  13-62        <(b)  Consideration shall be determined by the board as
  13-63  provided in this subchapter, but without consideration of potential
  13-64  mineral value.>
  13-65        <Sec. 51.191.  ><Suit to Recover Land><.  A good-faith claimant
  13-66  of a vacant or unsurveyed tract of land has 30 days after the sale
  13-67  or lease of the land to the applicant to institute suit to set
  13-68  aside the sale or lease of the land.  If the suit is not instituted
  13-69  within the 30-day period by the good-faith claimant, he loses all
  13-70  preferential rights to purchase or lease the land.>
   14-1        <Sec. 51.192.  ><Denial of Vacancy by Commissioner><.  (a)  If
   14-2  the commissioner decides that the area alleged to be vacant is not
   14-3  vacant, he shall endorse this decision on the application and file
   14-4  it with his finding.>
   14-5        <(b)  The commissioner shall promptly notify the applicant of
   14-6  his decision by registered mail and shall file all reports and
   14-7  papers received in connection with the application.>
   14-8        <(c)  After the commissioner takes all action provided under
   14-9  Subsections (a) and (b) of this section, he shall take no further
  14-10  action with respect to the application unless the existence of the
  14-11  alleged vacancy is determined by a court of competent jurisdiction.>
  14-12        <(d)  Within 90 days after the commissioner's decision is
  14-13  mailed, unless the applicant files suit in a district court in a
  14-14  county in which part of the alleged vacancy is located to litigate
  14-15  the question of the existence of a vacancy, the applicant's
  14-16  application and all preference rights acquired to purchase or lease
  14-17  the alleged vacancy become null and void.>
  14-18        <Sec. 51.193.  ><Preferential Right of Good-Faith Claimant><.
  14-19  (a)  A good-faith claimant who ascertains that a vacancy exists or
  14-20  that a claimed vacancy may exist or who has been notified by the
  14-21  commissioner that a vacancy has been found to exist on land claimed
  14-22  by him shall have a preferential right to purchase or lease the
  14-23  vacancy at any time until 90 days after a decision of the
  14-24  commissioner declaring the existence of a vacancy.>
  14-25        <(b)  The good-faith claimant may purchase or lease the
  14-26  vacancy by submitting a written application to the commissioner for
  14-27  the purchase or lease of the vacancy and by furnishing to the
  14-28  commissioner satisfactory proof that he is a good-faith claimant.>
  14-29        <(c)  The good-faith claimant is entitled to purchase or
  14-30  lease the portion of the land that is vacant at the price set by
  14-31  the board subject to the royalty reservations provided in this
  14-32  subchapter which are effective on the date the application is
  14-33  filed.>
  14-34        <Sec. 51.194.  ><Term of Preferential Right><.  A good-faith
  14-35  claimant has a preferential right to purchase the land alleged or
  14-36  adjudicated to be vacant until 90 days after the final judicial
  14-37  determination of the existence of the vacancy.>
  14-38        <Sec. 51.195.  ><Effect of Good-Faith Claimant's Application><.
  14-39  The application of a good-faith claimant may not be used or
  14-40  considered as an admission on his part that a vacancy exists.>
  14-41        <Sec. 51.196.  ><Procedure for Purchase or Lease by Good-Faith
  14-42  Claimant><.  (a)  On the date a good-faith claimant's application is
  14-43  filed, if there is no valid and subsisting application previously
  14-44  filed by an applicant covering the alleged vacancy, the application
  14-45  of the good-faith claimant shall be filed and shall be accompanied
  14-46  by:>
  14-47              <(1)  a filing fee set by the commissioner in an amount
  14-48  not less than $1;>
  14-49              <(2)  a written report of a surveyor licensed by the
  14-50  state or by the county surveyor of any county in which all or part
  14-51  of the alleged vacancy is located;>
  14-52              <(3)  field notes describing the land and the lines and
  14-53  corners surveyed;>
  14-54              <(4)  a plat showing the results of the survey; and>
  14-55              <(5)  any proof that will show to the satisfaction of
  14-56  the commissioner that the applicant is a good-faith claimant.>
  14-57        <(b)  The good-faith claimant may file his application to
  14-58  purchase or lease and within 120 days from the date of filing the
  14-59  application with the commissioner have a survey made of the alleged
  14-60  vacancy and file the report, field notes, and plat in the land
  14-61  office together with proof that he is a good-faith claimant.>
  14-62        <(c)  If it appears to the commissioner that the alleged
  14-63  vacancy is not in conflict with land previously titled, awarded, or
  14-64  sold by the state, the commissioner shall grant the application
  14-65  under the provisions of this subchapter.  Before the application is
  14-66  granted, the commissioner may hold a hearing at which interested
  14-67  persons may appear.>
  14-68        <Sec. 51.197.  ><Failure to Exercise Preferential Right Within
  14-69  Certain Time><.  (a)  If the good-faith claimant does not exercise
  14-70  his preferential right to purchase within 90 days after a decision
   15-1  of the commissioner under the provisions of this subchapter, the
   15-2  applicant shall be awarded an oil, gas, and mineral lease on not
   15-3  more than seven-eighths of the minerals.>
   15-4        <(b)  The consideration for the lease shall not be less than
   15-5  $1 an acre, and the lease shall be for a primary term set by the
   15-6  board of not more than five years.>
   15-7        <(c)  The lease shall be subject to other consideration and
   15-8  terms required by the board and the preferential right of a
   15-9  good-faith claimant until 90 days after final judicial
  15-10  determination under Section 51.194 of this code.>
  15-11        <Sec. 51.198.  ><Repayment of Applicant's Expenses><.  Within 90
  15-12  days after the commissioner declares the vacancy to exist, the
  15-13  good-faith claimant shall repay to the applicant the expenses
  15-14  incurred in determining the existence of a vacancy, except filing
  15-15  fees, as provided in this subchapter or the good-faith claimant
  15-16  will lose all preferential rights to purchase or lease the land.>
  15-17        <Sec. 51.199.  ><Judicial Determination of Good-Faith Claimant><.
  15-18  If the commissioner fails to determine whether or not there is a
  15-19  good-faith claimant or if his decision is questioned by an
  15-20  applicant or by a person asserting to be a good-faith claimant, the
  15-21  issue shall be determined in any suit brought under this subchapter
  15-22  to determine the existence of the alleged vacancy.>
  15-23        <Sec. 51.200.  ><Rights of Holders of Title and Holders of
  15-24  Interests in Title of a Claimant><.  (a)  If all owners holding title
  15-25  under the claimant or an interest in the title under which the
  15-26  claimant claims to be a good-faith claimant accept the provisions
  15-27  of this section and contribute their proportionate part of the
  15-28  royalty reserved to the state and the royalty awarded to the
  15-29  applicant, the purchase by the good-faith claimant under the
  15-30  preferential right inures distributively to their benefit.>
  15-31        <(b)  The royalty reservations shall be deducted
  15-32  distributively and proportionately from the mineral interest of
  15-33  each owner including mineral leases if the area is under a mineral
  15-34  lease.>
  15-35        <(c)  As a condition of this subchapter, the good-faith
  15-36  claimant receiving the patent or award or for whose benefit a
  15-37  patent or award is received shall recognize the proportionate
  15-38  interests of other owners who benefit by the award of the
  15-39  preferential right.>
  15-40        <(d)  The consideration for the purchase shall be determined
  15-41  by the board without considering the potential value of minerals or
  15-42  any improvements located on the vacancy but shall not be less than
  15-43  $1 an acre.  The state retains the right to recover from the party
  15-44  or parties liable the market value when produced of all oil, gas,
  15-45  sulphur, or other minerals that may have been produced from the
  15-46  area before the effective date of the patent or award less an
  15-47  offset to the operator for the actual cost of development and
  15-48  production.>
  15-49        <(e)  No mineral lease executed by a good-faith claimant
  15-50  before filing the vacancy claim may give the lessee any interest in
  15-51  or to the vacancy.>
  15-52        <(f)  No title to land or to a mineral interest in land
  15-53  acquired from the state under a preferential right may be held to
  15-54  pass as after-acquired title because of any covenant of general
  15-55  warranty, description, or other provision contained in any
  15-56  conveyance executed before the date of award under the preferential
  15-57  right.>
  15-58        <Sec. 51.201.  ><Reservation of Minerals><.  (a)  If a good-faith
  15-59  claimant purchases a vacancy located within five miles of a well
  15-60  producing oil, gas, or other minerals in commercial quantities, not
  15-61  less than a free royalty of one-eighth of all oil, gas, sulphur,
  15-62  and other minerals shall be reserved to the state.>
  15-63        <(b)  If a vacancy that is not covered by Subsection (a) of
  15-64  this section is sold, not less than a free royalty of one-sixteenth
  15-65  of all oil and gas production and one-eighth of all sulphur and
  15-66  other minerals shall be reserved to the state.>
  15-67        <(c)  If a good-faith claimant fails to exercise his
  15-68  preferential right to purchase a vacancy within 90 days after the
  15-69  commissioner determines the existence of the vacancy, the mineral
  15-70  interest reserved by the state shall be not less than a free
   16-1  royalty of one-eighth of the oil and gas and not less than a free
   16-2  royalty of one-sixth of the sulphur and other minerals.>
   16-3        <(d)  The state shall reserve not less than a free royalty of
   16-4  one-eighth of all oil, gas, sulphur, and other minerals on
   16-5  vacancies that are leased by the state as determined by the board.>
   16-6        <(e)  An oil, gas, or other mineral lease on land in which
   16-7  the state reserves a free royalty interest is not effective until a
   16-8  certified copy of the recorded lease is filed in the General Land
   16-9  Office.>
  16-10        <Sec. 51.202.  ><Mineral Reservations Under Sale Made to
  16-11  Claimant After 90-Day Deadline><.  If a good-faith claimant does not
  16-12  exercise his preferential right to purchase until after 90 days
  16-13  after the decision of the commissioner determining the existence of
  16-14  a vacancy, the sale made to the claimant shall be subject to a
  16-15  reservation to the state of not less than a free royalty of
  16-16  one-eighth of all oil, gas, sulphur, and other minerals and subject
  16-17  to any lease made by the state to the applicant.>
  16-18        <Sec. 51.203.  ><Royalty for Applicant><.  If there is a valid
  16-19  subsisting application previously filed by an applicant on the date
  16-20  that the good-faith claimant files his application to purchase
  16-21  under a preferential right, and if the good-faith claimant
  16-22  exercises his preferential right to purchase within 90 days after
  16-23  the commissioner's decision under this subchapter, a free royalty
  16-24  of one-sixteenth of all oil, gas, sulphur, and other minerals that
  16-25  may be produced from the land shall be added to the royalty
  16-26  interest reserved to the state and shall be awarded by the state to
  16-27  the applicant.  The free royalty shall be deducted proportionately
  16-28  from the good-faith claimant's award.>
  16-29        <Sec. 51.205.  ><Appeal><.  (a)  A person who is aggrieved by any
  16-30  action taken by the commissioner under the provisions of this
  16-31  subchapter or with reference to any application to purchase or
  16-32  lease a vacancy may institute suit in the district court of any
  16-33  county in which part of the land is located to try the issues of
  16-34  boundary, title, ownership of any alleged vacancy involved, and
  16-35  preferential rights of the person.>
  16-36        <(b)  Within 30 days after the suit is filed, the plaintiff
  16-37  shall have a certified copy of the original petition served on the
  16-38  attorney general and the commissioner by the sheriff or a constable
  16-39  of Travis County and shall have the officer's return filed with the
  16-40  papers in the suit.>
  16-41        <(c)  Whether the attorney general answers or intervenes in
  16-42  the suit or institutes a suit, the venue of all suits following the
  16-43  filing of the application shall be in the county in which the land
  16-44  or part of the land is located.>
  16-45        <(d)  If the litigation is prosecuted to a final judgment,
  16-46  the judgment is binding on the state.>
  16-47        <(e)  The attorney general must intervene on behalf of the
  16-48  state in suits brought under this section.>
  16-49        <(f)  The suit must be filed in accordance with the
  16-50  provisions of the Administrative Procedure and Texas Register Act
  16-51  (Article 6252-13a, Vernon's Texas Civil Statutes) relating to
  16-52  appeals from agency decisions.>
  16-53        SECTION 2.  Section 118.161, Local Government Code, is
  16-54  amended to read as follows:
  16-55        Sec. 118.161.  Fee Schedule.  A county surveyor shall collect
  16-56  the following fees:
  16-57              (1)  for recording the field notes and plat of a survey
  16-58  for a tract of land, providing copies of field notes, plats, or
  16-59  other papers or records, and certifying any copies, the same amount
  16-60  collected by the county clerk of the county as a filing fee;
  16-61              (2)  for surveying a tract of land or designating a
  16-62  homestead:
  16-63                    (A)  the actual expenses incurred, including all
  16-64  expenses of making the survey, preparing a survey report, field
  16-65  notes, plat, and other documents required by law, and filing those
  16-66  documents in the records of the county surveyor or the General Land
  16-67  Office; and
  16-68                    (B)  any fees for surveying services agreed on by
  16-69  the county surveyor and the person seeking the services; and
  16-70              (3)  for filing an application to purchase or lease a
   17-1  vacancy or for surveying a vacancy, the amounts provided by
   17-2  Subchapter E, Chapter 51, Natural Resources Code.  <Inspecting and
   17-3  recording the field notes and plat of a survey for any tract of
   17-4  land:>
   17-5                    <(A)  less than one-third of a league ..... $1.00>
   17-6                    <(B)  one-third of a league ............... $2.00>
   17-7                    <(C)  more than one-third of a league ..... $3.00>
   17-8              <(2)  Recording surveys and plats required by law to be
   17-9                      placed on the map of a new county, for each 100
  17-10                      words ................................... $0.20>
  17-11              <(3)  Examination of papers and records in his office
  17-12                      at the request of any person ............ $0.25>
  17-13              <(4)  Copies of all field notes and plats, or other
  17-14                      papers or records in the office, for each 100
  17-15                      words, including certificate ............ $0.20>
  17-16              <(5)  Surveying of any tract of land, including all
  17-17                      expenses in making the survey, and returning
  17-18                      the plat and field notes of the survey:>
  17-19                    <(A)  for each  English  lineal  mile  actually
  17-20                            run ............................... $3.00>
  17-21                    <(B)  for less  than  one  English lineal mile
  17-22                            run ............................... $2.50>
  17-23              <(6)  Services in designating a homestead, including
  17-24                      pay for  chain carriers, for  each  day's
  17-25                      service ................................ $5.00>
  17-26        SECTION 3.  Section 72.006(b), Local Government Code, is
  17-27  amended to read as follows:
  17-28        (b)  A surveyor appointed under this chapter is entitled to
  17-29  receive the actual expenses incurred in making the survey and any
  17-30  fees for surveying services agreed on by the surveyor and the
  17-31  counties <$3 for each mile surveyed>.
  17-32        SECTION 4.  Section 21.078(a), Natural Resources Code, is
  17-33  amended to read as follows:
  17-34        (a)  The plane coordinate values for a point on the earth's
  17-35  surface, to be used in expressing the position or location of the
  17-36  point in the appropriate zone, of either system, shall consist of
  17-37  two distances, expressed in U.S.  Survey Feet and decimals of a
  17-38  foot when using the Texas Coordinate System of 1927 and expressed
  17-39  either in meters and decimals of a meter or in U.S.  Survey Feet or
  17-40  decimals of a foot when using the Texas Coordinate System of 1983.
  17-41        SECTION 5.  The change in law made by this Act applies only
  17-42  to an application to purchase or lease a vacancy under Subchapter
  17-43  E, Chapter 51, Natural Resources Code, that is filed with a county
  17-44  surveyor or county clerk on or after the effective date of this
  17-45  Act.
  17-46        (b)  An application filed before that date is governed by the
  17-47  law in effect on the date the application is filed, and the former
  17-48  law is continued in effect for that purpose.
  17-49        SECTION 6.  This Act takes effect September 1, 1993.
  17-50        SECTION 7.  The importance of this legislation and the
  17-51  crowded condition of the calendars in both houses create an
  17-52  emergency and an imperative public necessity that the
  17-53  constitutional rule requiring bills to be read on three several
  17-54  days in each house be suspended, and this rule is hereby suspended.
  17-55                               * * * * *
  17-56                                                         Austin,
  17-57  Texas
  17-58                                                         April 2, 1993
  17-59  Hon. Bob Bullock
  17-60  President of the Senate
  17-61  Sir:
  17-62  We, your Committee on Natural Resources to which was referred S.B.
  17-63  No. 964, have had the same under consideration, and I am instructed
  17-64  to report it back to the Senate with the recommendation that it do
  17-65  not pass, but that the Committee Substitute adopted in lieu thereof
  17-66  do pass and be printed.
  17-67                                                         Sims,
  17-68  Chairman
  17-69                               * * * * *
  17-70                               WITNESSES
   18-1                                                  FOR   AGAINST  ON
   18-2  ___________________________________________________________________
   18-3  Name:  Stroud C. Kellely                                       x
   18-4  Representing:  Tx General Land Office
   18-5  City:  Austin
   18-6  -------------------------------------------------------------------
   18-7  Name:  C. B. Thomson (Ben)                                     x
   18-8  Representing:  Tx General Land Office
   18-9  City:  Austin
  18-10  -------------------------------------------------------------------
  18-11  Name:  Charles Hensley                                         x
  18-12  Representing:  Tx Parks & Wildlife Dept.
  18-13  City:  Austin
  18-14  -------------------------------------------------------------------