1-1 By: Harris of Tarrant S.B. No. 1416
1-2 (In the Senate - Filed April 23, 1993; April 26, 1993, read
1-3 first time and referred to Committee on Jurisprudence; May 4, 1993,
1-4 reported favorably by the following vote: Yeas 5, Nays 0;
1-5 May 4, 1993, sent to printer.)
1-6 COMMITTEE VOTE
1-7 Yea Nay PNV Absent
1-8 Henderson x
1-9 Harris of Tarrant x
1-10 Brown x
1-11 Harris of Dallas x
1-12 Luna x
1-13 Parker x
1-14 West x
1-15 A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
1-16 AN ACT
1-17 relating to the rights and privileges of a conservator of a child
1-18 and to the terms and conditions of orders providing for the
1-19 possession of a child, including guidelines.
1-20 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
1-21 SECTION 1. Subsections (a), (b), and (c), Section 14.032,
1-22 Family Code, are amended to read as follows:
1-23 (a) Policy and Application <Child Three Years of Age or
1-24 Older>. The guidelines for the possession of a child by a parent
1-25 named as a possessory conservator in this chapter are intended to
1-26 guide the courts in determining the terms and conditions for
1-27 possession of a child by a parent named as a possessory conservator
1-28 in any suit affecting the parent-child relationship. It is the
1-29 policy of this state to encourage frequent contact between a child
1-30 and each parent for periods of possession that optimize the
1-31 development of a close and continuing relationship between each
1-32 parent and child. It is preferable for all children in a family to
1-33 be together during periods of possession. The standard possession
1-34 order is <These guidelines are> designed to apply to a child three
1-35 years of age or older.
1-36 (b) Child Less Than Three Years of Age <Old>. In rendering
1-37 an order for possession of a child less than three years of age,
1-38 the court shall make an order appropriate under the circumstances
1-39 considering the factors listed in Subsection (c) of this section.
1-40 The <old, the court may either render a "standard possession
1-41 order," as defined in Section 14.033 of this code, or an order
1-42 appropriate under the circumstances considering the age of the
1-43 child. If a standard possession order is not rendered, the> court
1-44 shall also render a prospective order to take effect on the child's
1-45 third birthday, which presumptively will be the standard possession
1-46 order.
1-47 (c) Factors. In determining the terms of possession of a
1-48 child, the court shall be guided by the guidelines and may
1-49 consider<, in varying from or following the guidelines>:
1-50 (1) the age, developmental status, circumstances,
1-51 needs, and best interest of the child;
1-52 (2) the circumstances of the managing conservator and
1-53 of the parent named as a possessory conservator; and
1-54 (3) any other relevant factor.
1-55 SECTION 2. Subsections (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), (h),
1-56 (i), (j), and (m), Section 14.033, Family Code, are amended to read
1-57 as follows:
1-58 (b) Mutual Agreement or Specified Terms for Possession. The
1-59 court shall expressly state in a standard order that the parties
1-60 may have possession of the child at any and all times mutually
1-61 agreed to in advance by the parties and, in the absence of a
1-62 <failing> mutual agreement, shall have possession of the child
1-63 under the specified terms set out in the standard order.
1-64 (c) Parents Who Reside 100 Miles or Less Apart. Except as
1-65 otherwise explicitly provided, if the possessory conservator
1-66 resides 100 miles or less from the primary residence of the child,
1-67 the possessory conservator shall have the right to possession of
1-68 the child as follows:
2-1 (1) on weekends beginning at <from> 6 p.m. on the
2-2 first, third, and fifth Friday of each month and ending at <until>
2-3 6 p.m. on the following Sunday or, at the possessory conservator's
2-4 election made before or at the time of the rendition of the
2-5 original or modification order, and as specified in the original or
2-6 modification order, beginning at <from> the time the child's school
2-7 is regularly dismissed and ending at <day ends, if any, until> 6
2-8 p.m. on the following Sunday; and
2-9 (2) on Wednesdays of each week during the regular
2-10 school term beginning at <from> 6 p.m. and ending at <until> 8
2-11 p.m., or, at the possessory conservator's election made before or
2-12 at the time of the rendition of the original or modification order,
2-13 and as specified in the original or modification order, beginning
2-14 at <from> the time the child's school is regularly dismissed and
2-15 ending at <day ends, if any, until> 8 p.m.
2-16 (d) Weekend Possession Extended by Holiday. Except as
2-17 otherwise explicitly provided, if a weekend period of possession of
2-18 the possessory conservator coincides with a school holiday during
2-19 the regular school term or with a federal, state, or local holiday
2-20 during the summer months in which school is not in session, the
2-21 weekend possession shall end at <extend until> 6 p.m. on a Monday
2-22 holiday or school holiday or shall begin at 6 p.m. Thursday for a
2-23 Friday holiday or school holiday, as applicable, or, at the
2-24 possessory conservator's election made before or at the time of
2-25 rendition of the original or modification order, and as specified
2-26 in the original or modification order, shall begin at the time the
2-27 child's school is regularly dismissed.
2-28 (e) Vacations and Holidays. The following provisions govern
2-29 possession of the child for vacations and for certain specific
2-30 holidays and supersede any conflicting weekend or Wednesday periods
2-31 of possession provided by Subsections (c) and (d) of this section.
2-32 The possessory conservator and managing conservator shall have
2-33 rights of possession of the child as follows:
2-34 (1) the possessory conservator shall have possession
2-35 of the child in even-numbered years beginning at <from> 6 p.m. on
2-36 the <last school> day school for the child is dismissed for
2-37 <before> the Christmas school vacation and ending at <begins until>
2-38 noon on December 26th, and the managing conservator shall have
2-39 possession for the same period in odd-numbered years;
2-40 (2) the possessory conservator shall have possession
2-41 of the child in odd-numbered years beginning at <from> noon on
2-42 December 26th and ending at <until> 6 p.m. on the day before school
2-43 resumes after that vacation, and the managing conservator shall
2-44 have possession for the same period in even-numbered years;
2-45 (3) the possessory conservator shall have possession
2-46 of the child in odd-numbered years beginning at <from> 6 p.m. on
2-47 the day school for the child is dismissed <Wednesday> before
2-48 Thanksgiving and ending at <until> 6 p.m. on the following Sunday,
2-49 and the managing conservator shall have possession for the same
2-50 period in even-numbered years;
2-51 (4) the possessory conservator shall have possession
2-52 of the child in even-numbered years beginning at <from> 6 p.m. on
2-53 the <last school> day school for the child is dismissed for
2-54 <before> the school's spring vacation and ending at <begins until>
2-55 6 p.m. on the day before school resumes after that vacation, and
2-56 the managing conservator shall have possession for the same period
2-57 in odd-numbered years;
2-58 (5) if the possessory conservator:
2-59 (A) gives the managing conservator written
2-60 notice by May 1 of each year specifying an extended period or
2-61 periods of summer possession, the possessory conservator shall have
2-62 possession of the child for 30 days beginning no earlier than the
2-63 day after the child's school is dismissed for the summer vacation
2-64 and ending no later than seven days before school resumes at the
2-65 end of the summer vacation <between June 1 and August 31>, to be
2-66 exercised in no more than two separate periods of at least seven
2-67 consecutive days each; or
2-68 (B) does not give the managing conservator
2-69 written notice by May 1 of each year specifying an extended period
2-70 or periods of summer possession, the possessory conservator shall
3-1 have possession of the child for 30 consecutive days beginning at
3-2 6 p.m. on July 1 and ending at 6 p.m. on July 31;
3-3 (6) if the managing conservator gives the possessory
3-4 conservator written notice by June 1 <May 15> of each year <or
3-5 gives the possessory conservator 14 days' written notice on or
3-6 after May 16 of each year>, the managing conservator shall have
3-7 possession of the child on any one weekend beginning on <from>
3-8 Friday at 6 p.m. and ending at <to> 6 p.m. on the following Sunday
3-9 during any one period of possession by the possessory conservator
3-10 under Subdivision (5) of this subsection, provided that the
3-11 managing conservator picks up the child from the possessory
3-12 conservator and returns the child to that same place;
3-13 (7) if the managing conservator gives the possessory
3-14 conservator written notice by May 15 of each year or gives the
3-15 possessory conservator 14 days' written notice on or after May 16
3-16 of each year, the managing conservator may designate one weekend
3-17 beginning no earlier than the day after the child's school is
3-18 dismissed for the summer vacation and ending no later than seven
3-19 days before school resumes at the end of the summer vacation
3-20 <between June 1 and August 31>, during which an otherwise scheduled
3-21 weekend period of possession by the possessory conservator will not
3-22 take place, provided that the weekend so designated does not
3-23 interfere with the possessory conservator's period or periods of
3-24 extended summer possession or with Father's Day if the possessory
3-25 conservator is the father of the child;
3-26 (8) the parent not otherwise entitled under this
3-27 standard order to present <in> possession of a child on the child's
3-28 birthday shall have possession of the child beginning at <from> 6
3-29 p.m. and ending at <to> 8 p.m. on that day, provided that the
3-30 parent not entitled to the two hours in possession picks up the
3-31 child from the <child's> residence of the conservator entitled to
3-32 possession of the child immediately before the two-hour possession
3-33 begins and returns the child to that same place;
3-34 (9) if a conservator, the father shall have possession
3-35 of the child beginning at 6 p.m. on the Friday preceding Father's
3-36 Day and ending on Father's Day at <from 9 a.m. to> 6 p.m., provided
3-37 that, if he is not otherwise entitled under this standard order to
3-38 present <in> possession of the child, he picks up the child from
3-39 the <child's> residence of the conservator entitled to possession
3-40 of the child immediately before the Father's Day possession begins
3-41 and returns the child to that same place; and
3-42 (10) if a conservator, the mother shall have
3-43 possession of the child beginning at 6 p.m. on the Friday preceding
3-44 Mother's Day and ending on Mother's Day at <from 9 a.m. to> 6 p.m.,
3-45 provided that, if she is not otherwise entitled under this standard
3-46 order to present <in> possession of the child, she picks up the
3-47 child from the <child's> residence of the conservator entitled to
3-48 possession of the child immediately before the Mother's Day
3-49 possession begins and returns the child to that same place.
3-50 (f) Parents Who Reside Over 100 Miles Apart. Except as
3-51 otherwise explicitly provided, if the possessory conservator
3-52 resides more than 100 miles from the residence of the child, the
3-53 possessory conservator shall have the right to possession of the
3-54 child as follows:
3-55 (1) either regular weekend possession beginning on the
3-56 first, third, and fifth Friday as provided under the terms of
3-57 Subsection (c)(1) of this section, or not more than one weekend per
3-58 month of the possessory conservator's choice beginning at 6 p.m. on
3-59 the day school recesses for the weekend and ending at 6 p.m. on the
3-60 day before school resumes after the weekend, provided that the
3-61 possessory conservator gives the managing conservator seven days'
3-62 written or telephonic notice preceding a designated weekend, and
3-63 provided that the possessory conservator elects an option for this
3-64 possession either before the rendition of the original or
3-65 modification order or by written notice given to the managing
3-66 conservator within 90 days after the parties begin to reside more
3-67 than 100 miles apart, as applicable, and provided that the weekend
3-68 possessions do not conflict with Subsections (e)(1) through (3) and
3-69 (e)(8) through (10) of this section;
3-70 (2) the terms of Subsections (e)(1) through (3) and
4-1 (e)(8) through (10) of this section are applicable when the
4-2 possessory conservator resides more than 100 miles from the
4-3 residence of the child;
4-4 (3) each year beginning <every spring school vacation
4-5 from 6 p.m.> on the day school for the child is dismissed for the
4-6 school's spring vacation and ending at <recesses until> 6 p.m. on
4-7 the day before school resumes after that vacation;
4-8 (4) if the possessory conservator:
4-9 (A) gives the managing conservator written
4-10 notice by May 1 of each year specifying an extended period or
4-11 periods of summer possession, the possessory conservator shall have
4-12 possession of the child for 42 days beginning no earlier than the
4-13 day after the child's school is dismissed for the summer vacation
4-14 and ending no later than seven days before school resumes at the
4-15 end of the summer vacation <between June 1 and August 31>, to be
4-16 exercised in no more than two separate periods of at least seven
4-17 consecutive days each; or
4-18 (B) does not give the managing conservator
4-19 written notice by May 1 of each year specifying an extended period
4-20 or periods of summer possession, the possessory conservator shall
4-21 have possession of the child for 42 consecutive days beginning at
4-22 6 p.m. on June 15 and ending at 6 p.m. on July 27;
4-23 (5) if the managing conservator gives the possessory
4-24 conservator written notice by June 1 <May 15> of each year <or
4-25 gives the possessory conservator 14 days' notice on or after May 16
4-26 of each year>, the managing conservator shall have possession of
4-27 the child on any one weekend beginning at <from> Friday at 6 p.m.
4-28 and ending at <to> 6 p.m. on the following Sunday during any one
4-29 period of possession by the possessory conservator under
4-30 Subdivision (4) of this subsection, provided that if a period of
4-31 possession by the possessory conservator exceeds 30 days, the
4-32 managing conservator may have possession of the child under the
4-33 terms of this subdivision on any two nonconsecutive weekends during
4-34 that time period, and further provided that the managing
4-35 conservator picks up the child from the possessory conservator and
4-36 returns the child to that same place; and
4-37 (6) if the managing conservator gives the possessory
4-38 conservator written notice by May 15 of each year or gives the
4-39 possessory conservator 30 days' written notice on or after May 16
4-40 of each year, the managing conservator may designate 21 days
4-41 beginning no earlier than the day after the child's school is
4-42 dismissed for the summer vacation and ending no later than seven
4-43 days before school resumes at the end of the summer vacation
4-44 <between June 1 and August 31>, to be exercised in no more than two
4-45 separate periods of at least seven consecutive days each, during
4-46 which the possessory conservator shall not have possession of the
4-47 child, provided that the period or periods so designated do not
4-48 interfere with the possessory conservator's period or periods of
4-49 extended summer possession or with Father's Day if the possessory
4-50 conservator is the father of the child.
4-51 (g) General Terms and Conditions. Except as otherwise
4-52 explicitly provided, terms and conditions of possession of a child
4-53 that apply irrespective of the distance between the residence of a
4-54 parent and the child are as follows:
4-55 (1) the managing conservator shall surrender the child
4-56 to the possessory conservator at the beginning of each period of
4-57 the possessory conservator's possession at the residence of the
4-58 managing conservator;
4-59 (2) if the possessory conservator elects to begin a
4-60 period of possession at the time the child's school is regularly
4-61 dismissed, the managing conservator shall surrender the child to
4-62 the possessory conservator at the beginning of each of those
4-63 periods of possession at the school in which the child is enrolled;
4-64 (3) the possessory conservator shall be ordered to do
4-65 one of the following:
4-66 (A) the possessory conservator shall surrender
4-67 the child to the managing conservator at the end of each period of
4-68 possession at the residence of the possessory conservator; or
4-69 (B) <, in the alternative,> the possessory
4-70 conservator shall return the child to the residence of the managing
5-1 conservator at the end of each period of possession, except that
5-2 the order shall provide that if the possessory conservator's county
5-3 of domicile remains the same after the rendition of the order
5-4 establishing terms and conditions of possession and access and if
5-5 the managing conservator's county of domicile should change,
5-6 effective on the date of the change of domicile by the managing
5-7 conservator, the possessory conservator shall surrender the child
5-8 to the managing conservator at the end of each period of possession
5-9 at the residence of the possessory conservator;
5-10 (4) if the possessory conservator elects to end a
5-11 period of possession at the time the child's school resumes, the
5-12 possessory conservator shall surrender the child to the managing
5-13 conservator at the end of each period of possession at the school
5-14 in which the child is enrolled;
5-15 (5) <(3)> each conservator shall return with the child
5-16 the personal effects that the child brought at the beginning of the
5-17 period of possession;
5-18 (6) <(4)> either parent may designate any competent
5-19 adult to pick up and return the child, as applicable; a parent or a
5-20 designated competent adult shall be present when the child is
5-21 picked up or returned;
5-22 (7) <(5)> a parent shall give notice to the person in
5-23 possession of the child on each occasion that the parent will be
5-24 unable to exercise that parent's right of possession for any
5-25 specified period; repeated failure of a parent to give notice of an
5-26 inability to exercise possessory rights may be considered as a
5-27 factor in a modification of those possessory rights;
5-28 (8) <(6)> written notice shall be deemed to have been
5-29 timely made if received or postmarked before or at the time that
5-30 notice is due; and
5-31 (9) <(7)> if a conservator's time of possession of a
5-32 child ends at the time school resumes and for any reason the child
5-33 is not or will not be returned to school, the conservator in
5-34 possession of the child shall immediately notify the school and the
5-35 other conservator that the child will not be or has not been
5-36 returned to school.
5-37 (h) Means of Travel. In an order providing for the terms
5-38 and conditions of possession <possessory conservatorship> of a
5-39 child the court may restrict the means of travel of the child by a
5-40 legal mode of transportation only after a showing of good cause
5-41 contained in the record and a finding by the court that the
5-42 restriction is in the best interest of the child. Further, the
5-43 court shall set forth in its order the specific duties of the
5-44 conservators to provide appropriate transportation to and from the
5-45 relevant transportation facilities.
5-46 (i) Alternative Possession Times. If a child is enrolled in
5-47 school, and the possessory conservator consents before or at the
5-48 time of the rendition of the original or a modified order<, and the
5-49 court finds that it is in the best interest of the child>, the
5-50 standard order may expressly provide that the possessory
5-51 conservator's period of possession shall begin or end, or both, at
5-52 a different time expressly set in the standard order under and
5-53 within the range of alternative times provided by one or both of
5-54 the following subdivisions:
5-55 (1) instead of a period of possession by a possessory
5-56 conservator beginning at 6 p.m. on the day school recesses, the
5-57 period of possession may be set in the standard order to begin at
5-58 the time the child's school is regularly dismissed <recesses> or at
5-59 any time between the time the child's school is regularly dismissed
5-60 <recesses> and 6 p.m.; and
5-61 (2) instead of a period of possession by a possessory
5-62 conservator ending at 6 p.m. on the day before school resumes, the
5-63 period of possession may be set in the standard order to end at the
5-64 time school resumes or at <any time between> 6 p.m. on the day
5-65 before school resumes <and the time that school resumes>.
5-66 (j) Application of Alternative Possession Times. The
5-67 alternative possession times provided by Subsection (i) of this
5-68 section may be applied to regular weekend possession under
5-69 Subsections (c)(1) and (f)(1) of this section and to holiday
5-70 possession under Subsections (e)(1) through (4) and Subsections
6-1 (f)(2) and (3) of this section, but Subsection (i)(2) of this
6-2 section may not be applied to Christmas school vacation under
6-3 Subsection (e)(1) of this section or Wednesday evening possession
6-4 under Subsection (c)(2) of this section, and Subsection (i)(1) of
6-5 this section may not be applied to Christmas school vacation under
6-6 Subsection (e)(2) of this section. Subsection (i)(1) of this
6-7 section <but> may <not> be applied to Wednesday evening possession
6-8 under Subsection (c)(2) of this section.
6-9 (m) Unusual Circumstances. If the work schedule or other
6-10 special circumstances of the managing conservator, the possessory
6-11 conservator, or the child, or the child's year-round school
6-12 schedule, make the standard possession order unworkable or
6-13 inappropriate, the court shall render an order that grants periods
6-14 of possession of the child as similar as possible to those provided
6-15 by the standard order.
6-16 SECTION 3. Subsection (a), Section 14.01, Family Code, is
6-17 amended to read as follows:
6-18 (a) In any suit affecting the parent-child relationship, the
6-19 court may appoint a sole managing conservator or may appoint joint
6-20 managing conservators<, and shall order reasonable terms and
6-21 conditions for the implementation of the managing conservatorship>.
6-22 A managing conservator must be a suitable, competent adult, or a
6-23 parent, or an authorized agency. If the court finds that the
6-24 parents are or will be separated, the court shall appoint at least
6-25 one <joint or sole> managing conservator.
6-26 SECTION 4. Subsection (a), Section 14.021, Family Code, is
6-27 amended to read as follows:
6-28 (a) It is the policy of this state to assure that children
6-29 will have frequent and continuing contact with parents who have
6-30 shown the ability to act in the best interest of the child, to
6-31 provide a stable environment for the child, and to encourage
6-32 parents to share in the rights and responsibilities of raising
6-33 their children after the parents have separated or dissolved their
6-34 marriage.
6-35 SECTION 5. Subsections (c) and (d), Section 14.08, Family
6-36 Code, are amended to read as follows:
6-37 (c) After a hearing, the court may modify an order or
6-38 portion of a decree that:
6-39 (1) designates a sole managing conservator if:
6-40 (A) the circumstances of the child, sole
6-41 managing conservator, possessory conservator, or other party
6-42 affected by the order or decree have materially and substantially
6-43 changed since the date of the rendition of the order or decree to
6-44 be modified; and
6-45 (B) the retention of the present sole managing
6-46 conservator would be injurious to the welfare of the child; and
6-47 (C) the appointment of the new sole managing
6-48 conservator would be a positive improvement for the child; or
6-49 (2) provides for the support of a child if the
6-50 circumstances of the child or a person affected by the order or
6-51 portion of the decree to be modified have materially and
6-52 substantially changed since the date of its rendition, except that
6-53 a support order may be modified only as to obligations accruing
6-54 after the earlier of the date of service of citation or an
6-55 appearance on the motion to modify; or
6-56 (3) sets the terms and conditions for possession of or
6-57 access to a child, or prescribes the relative rights, privileges,
6-58 duties, and powers of conservators if:
6-59 (A) the circumstances of the child or a person
6-60 affected by the order or portion of the decree to be modified have
6-61 materially and substantially changed since the date of the
6-62 rendition of the order or decree; or
6-63 (B) the order or portion of the decree to be
6-64 modified has become unworkable or inappropriate under existing
6-65 circumstances; or
6-66 (C) the notice required by Section 14.031 of
6-67 this code was not given, or there was a change in a conservator's
6-68 residence to a place outside the jurisdiction of the court. If a
6-69 change of residence results in increased expenses for any party
6-70 having possession of or access to a child, the court may enter
7-1 appropriate orders to allocate those increased costs on a fair and
7-2 equitable basis, taking into account the cause of the increased
7-3 costs and the best interests of the child. The payment of
7-4 increased costs by the party whose residence is changed is
7-5 rebuttably presumed to be in the best interest of the child. Such
7-6 an order may be entered without regard to whether any other change
7-7 in the terms and conditions of possession of or access to the child
7-8 is made; or
7-9 (4) designates a sole managing conservator if the sole
7-10 managing conservator has voluntarily relinquished possession and
7-11 control of the child for a period of more than six months and the
7-12 modification is in the best interest of the child; or
7-13 (5) designates a sole managing conservator if a parent
7-14 of the child requests appointment as a joint managing conservator,
7-15 and the court finds that:
7-16 (A) the circumstances of the child or the sole
7-17 managing conservator have materially and substantially changed
7-18 since the rendition of the order or decree to be modified;
7-19 (B) retention of a sole managing conservatorship
7-20 would be detrimental to the welfare of the child; and
7-21 (C) the appointment of the parent as a joint
7-22 managing conservator would be a positive improvement for and in the
7-23 best interest of the child.
7-24 (d) If the motion is filed for the purpose of changing the
7-25 designation of the sole managing conservator and is filed within
7-26 one year after the date of the rendition of the order or decree to
7-27 be modified, there shall be attached to the motion an affidavit
7-28 executed by the person making the motion. The affidavit must
7-29 contain, along with supporting facts, at least one of the following
7-30 allegations that <along with the supportive facts>:
7-31 (1) <that> the child's present environment may
7-32 endanger his physical health or significantly impair his emotional
7-33 development; <or>
7-34 (2) <that> the sole managing conservator is the person
7-35 seeking the modification or consents to the modification, and the
7-36 modification is in the best interest of the child; or
7-37 (3) the child's sole managing conservator has
7-38 voluntarily relinquished the actual care, control, and possession
7-39 of the child for more than six months and the modification is in
7-40 the best interest of the child.
7-41 SECTION 6. (a) This Act takes effect September 1, 1993.
7-42 (b) This Act applies to an original or modified order in a
7-43 suit affecting the parent-child relationship under Title 2, Family
7-44 Code, made on or after that date. The change made by this Act to
7-45 Subsection (d), Section 14.08, Family Code, applies only to a
7-46 proceeding under that section in which a hearing has not been held
7-47 before the effective date of this Act.
7-48 (c) The enactment of the amendments made by this Act does
7-49 not affect the validity or obligations, terms, and conditions of an
7-50 order in a suit affecting the parent-child relationship made before
7-51 the effective date of this Act, and this Act does not constitute a
7-52 change of circumstances under Section 14.08, Family Code.
7-53 SECTION 7. The importance of this legislation and the
7-54 crowded condition of the calendars in both houses create an
7-55 emergency and an imperative public necessity that the
7-56 constitutional rule requiring bills to be read on three several
7-57 days in each house be suspended, and this rule is hereby suspended.
7-58 * * * * *
7-59 Austin,
7-60 Texas
7-61 May 4, 1993
7-62 Hon. Bob Bullock
7-63 President of the Senate
7-64 Sir:
7-65 We, your Committee on Jurisprudence to which was referred S.B.
7-66 No. 1416, have had the same under consideration, and I am
7-67 instructed to report it back to the Senate with the recommendation
7-68 that it do pass and be printed.
7-69 Henderson,
7-70 Chairman
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8-2 WITNESSES
8-3 FOR AGAINST ON
8-4 ___________________________________________________________________
8-5 FOR AGAINST ON
8-6 ___________________________________________________________________
8-7 Name: Stewart W. Gagnon x
8-8 Representing: State Bar, Family Law Section
8-9 City: Austin
8-10 -------------------------------------------------------------------
8-11 Name: Jimmy Boyd x
8-12 Representing: Children's Rights Coalition
8-13 City: Austin
8-14 -------------------------------------------------------------------