JWW C.S.H.B. 2251 75(R)BILL ANALYSIS


PUBLIC SAFETY
C.S.H.B. 2251
By: Wise
4-28-97
Committee Report (Substituted)



BACKGROUND 

Many times where crimes of a sexual nature have been committed, biological
evidence is left behind by the perpetrator.  This evidence contains
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) information which is distinctive as an
individual's fingerprint.  By matching the DNA samples taken from
biological evidence recovered under the investigation of a crime to the
DNA samples of suspected offenders, police can conclusively eliminate many
suspects and identify the offender.   

This has led to the establishment of DNA data bases in several states such
as  Colorado, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, and Washington.  In other
states a sex offender registration statute requires the convicted offender
to submit blood and saliva for DNA typing along with other identifying
data.  California, Florida, Hawaii, Louisiana, South Dakota, and Tennessee
are examples of states that require DNA samples for convicted sex
offenders. 

PURPOSE

This bill will require certain adult inmates incarcerated statewide and
juveniles committed to the Texas Youth Commission to provide blood, saliva
samples or other specimens to be included into a DNA database.  This bill
will apply only to inmates and juveniles convicted or adjudicated for
certain offenses in the Penal Code. 

RULEMAKING AUTHORITY

SECTION 3. No additional rulemaking authority is granted in Section
411.150(b), Government Code.  However, the director of the Texas
Department of Criminal Justice, in conjunction with the Texas Youth
Commission,  is directed to use existing rulemaking authority to adopt
rules regarding the collection, preservation, and shipment of samples. 

SECTION BY SECTION ANALYSIS

SECTION 1. Amends Section 411.141, Government Code, by adding Subdivision
(8) which defines "Penal institution". 

SECTION 2. Amends Section 411.148, Government Code, as follows:

(a)  Anyone confined in a penal institution will provide a blood sample or
other specimen to be included in a DNA database.  This will apply to
persons confined following conviction under any offense listed in
subsection (a)(1). 

(b)  Samples or specimens of TDCJ inmates will be collected during the
diagnostic process. Samples or specimens for inmates in other facilities,
or institutions operated, or contracted by the Texas Youth Commission,
will be collected as soon as practicable or if the administrator
determines that the inmate will be not entering the TDCJ institutional
division. This subsection does not apply to a sample or specimen taken
under a court order. 

(c) The institutional division, or administrator of a penal institution
described under Subsection (b), will preserve each sample or specimen
collected under this section. 

 (d) A penal institution may take lawful administrative action against
anyone failing or refusing to present a blood sample or other specimen. 

(e) Not earlier than 120 days before, and not later than 90 days earlier
than a persons release date, the administrator of a penal institution
described under Subsection (b), or the institutional division shall notify
the director. 

SECTION 3. Amends Section 411.150, Government Code, as follows:

(a)  A juvenile committed to a Texas Youth Commission (TYC) facility, or a
penal institution contracted with the TYC, will provide a blood sample or
specimen, including a cheek cell or buccal swab specimen.  A juvenile
committed for an adjudication where that juvenile engaged in conduct
listed in subsection (a)(1) will be required to provide a blood sample or
other specimen. All collected samples will be included into DNA database. 

(b)  States that the director, in conjunction with the TYC, may adopt
rules regarding the collection, preservation and shipment of samples and
specimens described in this section. 

SECTION 4. Section 411. 153(b), Government Code, is amended to state that
a person commits an offense if they knowingly disclose information
contained in a DNA record, or information related to a blood sample or
other specimen authorized by this subchapter. 

SECTION 5. (a) Changes to the law made by Sections 1-3 of this Act apply
to any person held in confinement on or after the effective date. 

(b) Changes to the law made by Section 4 of this Act apply to offenses
committed on or after the effective date.  Offenses committed before the
effective date are covered under the previous law. 

SECTION 6. Effective Date: September 1, 1997.

SECTION 7. Emergency Clause.

COMPARISON OF ORIGINAL TO SUBSTITUTE

SECTION 1. This section is added.  Subsequent sections are renumbered
accordingly. 

SECTION 2. Previously SECTION 1.  (a) References to county and municipal
jails, as well as facilities operated under contract with the Texas
Department of Criminal Justice, are replaced with "a penal institution."
Removes the requirement that anyone charged with an offense under (a)(1)
be subject this requirement. 

(b) Specifies that administrators of penal institutions other than those
operated by the institutional division, or an institution operated by or
under contract to the Texas Youth Commission are required to obtain
samples or other specimens from persons confined in the institution if the
administrator determines that the person is not eligible for transfer to
the institutional division.  Adds a statement stating that the subsection
does not apply to a sample or specimen taken under a court order. 

(c) Adds the administrators of penal institutions described under
Subsection (b). 

(d) Replaces a reference to "TDCJ" with the reference to a "penal
institution."  Clarifies that a person failing or refusing may be dealt
with administratively. 

(e) Adds a reference to administrator of other penal institutions
described in Subsection (b). 

SECTION 3. Formerly SECTION 2.  Clarifies Subsection (a) by stating that
it applies to a penal institution.  Adds cheek cell or buccal swab to
specimens that may be taken from a juvenile. States that this applies to
juveniles committed for the adjudication  as having engaged in delinquent
conduct that violates Subsection (a)(1). 
 
(b) Replaces "department" with "director" in relation to rules that may be
adopted regarding the collection, preservation, and storage of samples. 

SECTION 4. This section is added.

SECTION 5. This section is added.

SECTION 6. Formerly SECTION 3.  All other language except the effective
date information, is deleted. 

SECTION 7. Formerly SECTION 4.