By Sadler                                       H.B. No. 2943

      75R9236 ESH-D                           

                                A BILL TO BE ENTITLED

 1-1                                   AN ACT

 1-2     relating to regulating certain political contributions, political

 1-3     expenditures, and political advertising; providing criminal

 1-4     penalties.

 1-5           BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:

 1-6           SECTION 1.  Chapter 253, Election Code, is amended by adding

 1-7     Subchapter G to read as follows:

 1-8             SUBCHAPTER G.  CONTRIBUTION AND EXPENDITURE LIMITS

 1-9                    FOR EXECUTIVE AND LEGISLATIVE OFFICES

1-10           Sec. 253.201.  APPLICABILITY OF SUBCHAPTER.  This subchapter

1-11     applies only to a political contribution or political expenditure

1-12     in connection with:

1-13                 (1)  a statewide office other than a judicial office;

1-14                 (2)  the office of state senator;

1-15                 (3)  the office of state representative; or

1-16                 (4)  the office of member, State Board of Education.

1-17           Sec. 253.202.  DEFINITIONS.  In this subchapter:

1-18                 (1)  "Complying candidate" means a candidate who files

1-19     a declaration of compliance under Section 253.213(a)(1).

1-20                 (2)  "Election cycle" means:

1-21                       (A)  the general primary election, runoff primary

1-22     election, if any, and general election for state and county

1-23     officers; or

1-24                       (B)  a special election and runoff election, if

 2-1     any.

 2-2                 (3)  "Noncomplying candidate" means a candidate who:

 2-3                       (A)  files a declaration of intent to exceed the

 2-4     limits on political expenditures under Section 253.213(a)(2);

 2-5                       (B)  files a declaration of compliance under

 2-6     Section 253.213(a)(1) but later exceeds the limits on political

 2-7     expenditures; or

 2-8                       (C)  fails to file a declaration of compliance

 2-9     under Section 253.213(a)(1) or a declaration of intent under

2-10     Section 253.213(a)(2).

2-11                 (4)  "With respect to an election cycle" means:

2-12                       (A)  with regard to a political contribution that

2-13     is designated in writing for a particular election, the election

2-14     cycle that includes the election designated; or

2-15                       (B)  with regard to a political contribution that

2-16     is not designated in writing for a particular election or that is

2-17     designated as an officeholder contribution, the election cycle that

2-18     includes the next election for that office occurring after the

2-19     contribution is made.

2-20           Sec. 253.203.  CONTRIBUTION LIMITS.  (a)  Except as provided

2-21     by Subsection (c), a person may not knowingly make or authorize

2-22     political contributions to a candidate or officeholder that, with

2-23     respect to an election cycle in which the candidate or officeholder

2-24     is involved, in the aggregate exceed:

2-25                 (1)  for a statewide office, $5,000; or

2-26                 (2)  for an office other than a statewide office,

2-27     $1,000.

 3-1           (b)  A person may not knowingly accept a political

 3-2     contribution, and shall refuse a political contribution that is

 3-3     received, in violation of Subsection (a).

 3-4           (c)  This section does not apply to a political contribution

 3-5     made by a general-purpose committee.

 3-6           (d)  A person who violates this section commits an offense.

 3-7     An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor.

 3-8           Sec. 253.204.  CONTRIBUTION BY SPOUSE OR CHILD CONSIDERED TO

 3-9     BE CONTRIBUTION BY INDIVIDUAL.  (a)  For purposes of Section

3-10     253.203, a political contribution by the spouse or child of an

3-11     individual is considered to be a contribution by the individual.

3-12           (b)  In this section, "child" means a person under 18 years

3-13     of age who is not and has not been married or who has not had the

3-14     disabilities of minority removed for general purposes.

3-15           Sec. 253.205.  CONTRIBUTION LIMITS:  GENERAL-PURPOSE

3-16     COMMITTEE.  (a)  A general-purpose committee may not knowingly make

3-17     or authorize political contributions to a candidate or officeholder

3-18     that, with respect to an election cycle in which the candidate or

3-19     officeholder is involved, in the aggregate exceed:

3-20                 (1)  for a statewide office, $10,000; or

3-21                 (2)  for an office other than a statewide office,

3-22     $1,000.

3-23           (b)  A person may not knowingly accept a political

3-24     contribution, and shall refuse a political contribution that is

3-25     received, in violation of Subsection (a).

3-26           (c)  A person who violates this section commits an offense.

3-27     An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor.

 4-1           Sec. 253.206.  AGGREGATE LIMIT ON CONTRIBUTIONS FROM

 4-2     GENERAL-PURPOSE COMMITTEES.  (a)  A candidate or officeholder may

 4-3     not knowingly accept a political contribution from a

 4-4     general-purpose committee that, when aggregated with each other

 4-5     political contribution from a general-purpose committee, exceeds:

 4-6                 (1)  for the office of governor, $1,500,000;

 4-7                 (2)  for a statewide office other than governor,

 4-8     $300,000;

 4-9                 (3)  for the office of state senator, $52,500; or

4-10                 (4)  for the office of state representative or member,

4-11     State Board of Education, $15,000.

4-12           (b)  The limit prescribed by Subsection (a) applies with

4-13     respect to an election cycle in which the candidate or officeholder

4-14     is involved.

4-15           (c)  A person who violates this section commits an offense.

4-16     An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor.

4-17           Sec. 253.207.  CONTRIBUTION TO CERTAIN COMMITTEES CONSIDERED

4-18     CONTRIBUTION TO CANDIDATE OR OFFICEHOLDER.  For purposes of

4-19     Sections 253.203, 253.205, and 253.206, a political contribution to

4-20     a specific-purpose committee for the purpose of supporting a

4-21     candidate, opposing the candidate's opponent, or assisting the

4-22     candidate as an officeholder is considered to be a political

4-23     contribution to the candidate or officeholder.

4-24           Sec. 253.208.  CERTAIN DIRECT CAMPAIGN EXPENDITURES

4-25     CONSIDERED CONTRIBUTION TO CANDIDATE.  (a)  For purposes of

4-26     Sections 253.203, 253.205, and 253.206, a direct campaign

4-27     expenditure for the purpose of supporting a candidate or opposing a

 5-1     candidate's opponent made by a person other than a specific-purpose

 5-2     committee is considered to be a political contribution to the

 5-3     candidate whom the expenditure benefits unless the person making

 5-4     the expenditure or the person's campaign treasurer, if any, in an

 5-5     affidavit filed with the commission, states that the expenditure is

 5-6     not made with the cooperation or prior consent of, in consultation

 5-7     with, or at the suggestion of:

 5-8                 (1)  the candidate whom the expenditure benefits;

 5-9                 (2)  a specific-purpose committee for supporting the

5-10     candidate or opposing the candidate's opponent; or

5-11                 (3)  a person acting with the candidate's knowledge and

5-12     consent.

5-13           (b)  An affidavit under Subsection (a) must be filed with the

5-14     report under Chapter 254 in which the direct campaign expenditure

5-15     is required to be reported.

5-16           Sec. 253.209.  NOTICE TO CANDIDATE OR OFFICEHOLDER OF INTENT

5-17     TO ACCEPT CONTRIBUTIONS OR MAKE EXPENDITURES.  (a)  The  campaign

5-18     treasurer of a specific-purpose committee that intends to accept

5-19     political contributions or make political expenditures for the

5-20     purpose of supporting a candidate covered by this subchapter,

5-21     opposing such a candidate's opponent, or assisting such a candidate

5-22     as an officeholder shall deliver written notice of the committee's

5-23     intent to the candidate or officeholder.

5-24           (b)  The notice must include the full name and address of the

5-25     specific-purpose committee and of its campaign treasurer.

5-26           (c)  The notice must be delivered not later than the later

5-27     of:

 6-1                 (1)  the date the committee files its campaign

 6-2     treasurer appointment; or

 6-3                 (2)  the third day after the date the committee

 6-4     determines it intends to accept political contributions or make

 6-5     political expenditures for which notice under this section is

 6-6     required.

 6-7           (d)  A campaign treasurer who violates this section commits

 6-8     an offense.  An offense under this section is a Class A

 6-9     misdemeanor.

6-10           Sec. 253.210.  NOTICE TO CANDIDATE, OFFICEHOLDER, OR

6-11     COMMITTEE OF RECEIPT OF CONTRIBUTION.  (a)  The campaign treasurer

6-12     of a specific-purpose committee that receives a political

6-13     contribution that is considered under Section 253.207 to be a

6-14     political contribution to a candidate or officeholder shall, not

6-15     later than the fifth day after the date the contribution is

6-16     received, deliver written notice of that fact to the affected

6-17     candidate or officeholder.

6-18           (b)  A candidate or officeholder who receives a political

6-19     contribution shall, not later than the fifth day after the date the

6-20     contribution is received, deliver written notice of that fact to

6-21     the campaign treasurer of each specific-purpose committee that

6-22     notifies the candidate or officeholder under Section 253.209 that

6-23     the committee intends to accept political contributions or make

6-24     political expenditures on the candidate's or officeholder's behalf.

6-25           (c)  A notice under this section must include:

6-26                 (1)  the full name and address of the person receiving

6-27     the political contribution and of the person's campaign treasurer,

 7-1     if any;

 7-2                 (2)  the full name and address of the person making the

 7-3     contribution;

 7-4                 (3)  the date the contribution is received; and

 7-5                 (4)  the amount of the contribution.

 7-6           (d)  A person who violates this section commits an offense.

 7-7     An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor.

 7-8           Sec. 253.211.  NOTICE TO CANDIDATE OF DIRECT CAMPAIGN

 7-9     EXPENDITURE.  (a)  A person who makes a direct campaign expenditure

7-10     that is considered under Section 253.208 to be a political

7-11     contribution to a candidate shall, not later than the fifth day

7-12     after the date the expenditure is made, deliver written notice of

7-13     that fact to the candidate whom the expenditure benefits.

7-14           (b)  A notice under this section must include:

7-15                 (1)  the full name and address of the person making the

7-16     direct campaign expenditure and of the person's campaign treasurer,

7-17     if any;

7-18                 (2)  the date the expenditure is made;

7-19                 (3)  the amount of the expenditure; and

7-20                 (4)  if applicable, a copy of the affidavit to be filed

7-21     as required by Section 253.208.

7-22           (c)  A person who violates this section commits an offense.

7-23     An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor.

7-24           Sec. 253.212.  RETURN OF EXCESS CONTRIBUTION.  (a)  A person

7-25     who receives a political contribution, the acceptance of  which

7-26     would violate Section 253.203, 253.205, or 253.206, shall return

7-27     the contribution to the contributor not later than the 10th day

 8-1     after the date the contribution is received.

 8-2           (b)  A political contribution that is not returned as

 8-3     required by this section is considered to be accepted.

 8-4           Sec. 253.213.  VOLUNTARY COMPLIANCE.  (a)  Not later than the

 8-5     10th day after the date a person becomes a candidate for an office

 8-6     covered by this subchapter, the person shall file with the

 8-7     commission:

 8-8                 (1)  a sworn declaration of compliance stating that the

 8-9     person voluntarily agrees to comply with the limits on political

8-10     expenditures prescribed by this subchapter; or

8-11                 (2)  a written declaration of the person's intent to

8-12     make political expenditures that exceed the limits prescribed by

8-13     this subchapter.

8-14           (b)  A candidate may not knowingly accept a campaign

8-15     contribution or make or authorize a campaign expenditure before the

8-16     candidate files a declaration under Subsection (a).

8-17           (c)  A person who violates Subsection (b) commits an offense.

8-18     An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor.

8-19           Sec. 253.214.  EFFECT OF NONCOMPLYING CANDIDATE.  (a)  A

8-20     complying candidate or a specific-purpose committee for supporting

8-21     a complying candidate is not required to comply with the limits on

8-22     political contributions and political expenditures prescribed by

8-23     this subchapter if another person becomes a candidate for the same

8-24     office and:

8-25                 (1)  files a declaration of intent to exceed the limits

8-26     on political expenditures under Section 253.213(a)(2);

8-27                 (2)  fails to file a declaration of compliance under

 9-1     Section 253.213(a)(1) or a declaration of intent under Section

 9-2     253.213(a)(2); or

 9-3                 (3)  files a declaration of compliance under Section

 9-4     253.213(a)(1) but later exceeds the limits on political

 9-5     expenditures.

 9-6           (b)  The executive director of the commission shall issue an

 9-7     order suspending the limits on political contributions and

 9-8     political expenditures for a specific office not later than the

 9-9     fifth day after the date the executive director determines that:

9-10                 (1)  a person has become a candidate for that office

9-11     and:

9-12                       (A)  has filed a declaration of intent to exceed

9-13     the limits on political expenditures under Section 253.213(a)(2);

9-14     or

9-15                       (B)  has failed to file a declaration of

9-16     compliance under Section 253.213(a)(1) or a declaration of intent

9-17     under Section 253.213(a)(2); or

9-18                 (2)  a complying candidate for that office has exceeded

9-19     the limit on political expenditures prescribed by this subchapter.

9-20           Sec. 253.215.  BENEFIT TO COMPLYING CANDIDATE.  (a)  A

9-21     complying candidate is entitled to state on political advertising

9-22     as provided by Section 255.009 that the candidate complies with the

9-23     voluntary limits on political expenditures prescribed by this

9-24     subchapter, regardless of whether the limits on political

9-25     contributions and political expenditures are suspended under

9-26     Section 253.214.

9-27           (b)  A noncomplying candidate is not entitled to the benefit

 10-1    provided by this section.

 10-2          Sec. 253.216.  EXPENDITURE LIMITS.  (a)  A complying

 10-3    candidate may not knowingly make or authorize political

 10-4    expenditures that, with respect to an election cycle in which the

 10-5    candidate is involved, in the aggregate exceed:

 10-6                (1)  for the office of governor, $10 million;

 10-7                (2)  for a statewide office other than governor, $2

 10-8    million;

 10-9                (3)  for the office of state senator, $350,000; or

10-10                (4)  for the office of state representative or member,

10-11    State Board of Education, $100,000.

10-12          (b)  A person who violates this section commits an offense.

10-13    An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor.

10-14          Sec. 253.217.  EXPENDITURE BY CERTAIN COMMITTEES CONSIDERED

10-15    EXPENDITURE BY CANDIDATE.  (a)  For purposes of Section 253.216, a

10-16    political expenditure by a specific-purpose committee for the

10-17    purpose of supporting a candidate, opposing the candidate's

10-18    opponent, or assisting the candidate as an officeholder is

10-19    considered to be a political expenditure by the candidate unless

10-20    the candidate, in an affidavit filed with the commission, states

10-21    that the expenditure is not made with the cooperation or prior

10-22    consent of, in consultation with, or at the suggestion of:

10-23                (1)  the candidate;

10-24                (2)  a specific-purpose committee for supporting the

10-25    candidate or opposing the candidate's opponent; or

10-26                (3)  a person acting with the candidate's knowledge and

10-27    consent.

 11-1          (b)  This section applies only to a political expenditure of

 11-2    which the candidate or officeholder has notice.

 11-3          (c)  A candidate or officeholder shall file an affidavit

 11-4    under this section with the next report the candidate or

 11-5    officeholder is required to file under Chapter 254 following notice

 11-6    of the political expenditure.

 11-7          Sec. 253.218.  PARTY CONTRIBUTION TO OR DIRECT EXPENDITURE ON

 11-8    BEHALF OF COMPLYING CANDIDATE PROHIBITED.  (a)  A general-purpose

 11-9    committee established by a political party or by the state or

11-10    county executive committee of a political party may not knowingly

11-11    authorize or make:

11-12                (1)  a political contribution to a complying candidate

11-13    or a specific-purpose committee for supporting a complying

11-14    candidate or opposing a complying candidate; or

11-15                (2)  a direct campaign expenditure that benefits a

11-16    complying candidate.

11-17          (b)  Subsection (a)(2) does not apply to a political

11-18    expenditure for:

11-19                (1)  a generic get-out-the-vote campaign; or

11-20                (2)  a written list of two or more candidates that:

11-21                      (A)  identifies the party's candidates by name

11-22    and office sought, office held, or photograph; and

11-23                      (B)  is not broadcast, cablecast, published in a

11-24    newspaper or magazine, or placed on a billboard.

11-25          (c)  A person who violates this section commits an offense.

11-26    An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor.

11-27          SECTION 2.  Section 254.034, Election Code, is amended by

 12-1    adding Subsection (f) to read as follows:

 12-2          (f)  This section applies to a political contribution covered

 12-3    by Subchapter G, Chapter 253, except as provided by Section

 12-4    253.212.

 12-5          SECTION 3.  Subchapter C, Chapter 254, Election Code, is

 12-6    amended by adding Section 254.0612 to read as follows:

 12-7          Sec. 254.0612.  ADDITIONAL CONTENTS OF REPORTS BY EXECUTIVE

 12-8    AND LEGISLATIVE CANDIDATES.  In addition to the contents required

 12-9    by Sections 254.031 and 254.061, each report by a candidate for an

12-10    office covered by Subchapter G, Chapter 253, must include:

12-11                (1)  for each political contribution of which the

12-12    candidate receives notice under Section 253.210:

12-13                      (A)  the full name and address of the

12-14    specific-purpose committee receiving the contribution;

12-15                      (B)  the full name and address of the committee's

12-16    campaign treasurer;

12-17                      (C)  the full name and address of the person

12-18    making the contribution;

12-19                      (D)  the date the contribution is received;

12-20                      (E)  the amount of the contribution; and

12-21                      (F)  an indication of whether the committee

12-22    accepted or refused the contribution; and

12-23                (2)  for each direct campaign expenditure of which the

12-24    candidate receives notice under Section 253.211:

12-25                      (A)  the full name and address of the person

12-26    making the expenditure;

12-27                      (B)  the full name and address of the person's

 13-1    campaign treasurer, if any;

 13-2                      (C)  the date the expenditure is made; and

 13-3                      (D)  the amount of the expenditure.

 13-4          SECTION 4.  Subchapter D, Chapter 254, Election Code, is

 13-5    amended by adding Section 254.0912 to read as follows:

 13-6          Sec. 254.0912.  ADDITIONAL CONTENTS OF REPORTS BY EXECUTIVE

 13-7    AND LEGISLATIVE OFFICEHOLDERS.  In addition to the contents

 13-8    required by Sections 254.031 and 254.091, each report by an

 13-9    officeholder covered by Subchapter G, Chapter 253, must include,

13-10    for each political contribution of which the officeholder receives

13-11    notice under Section 253.210:

13-12                (1)  the full name and address of the specific-purpose

13-13    committee receiving the contribution;

13-14                (2)  the full name and address of the committee's

13-15    campaign treasurer;

13-16                (3)  the full name and address of the person making the

13-17    contribution;

13-18                (4)  the date the contribution is received;

13-19                (5)  the amount of the contribution; and

13-20                (6)  an indication of whether the committee accepted or

13-21    refused the contribution.

13-22          SECTION 5.  Subchapter E, Chapter 254, Election Code, is

13-23    amended by adding Section 254.1212 to read as follows:

13-24          Sec. 254.1212.  ADDITIONAL CONTENTS OF REPORTS OF COMMITTEES

13-25    SUPPORTING, OPPOSING, OR ASSISTING EXECUTIVE OR LEGISLATIVE

13-26    CANDIDATES AND OFFICEHOLDERS.  In addition to the contents required

13-27    by Sections 254.031 and 254.121, each report by a specific-purpose

 14-1    committee for supporting or opposing a candidate for or assisting a

 14-2    holder of an office covered by Subchapter G, Chapter 253, must

 14-3    include, for each political contribution of which the committee

 14-4    receives notice under Section 253.210:

 14-5                (1)  the full name and address of the candidate or

 14-6    officeholder receiving the contribution;

 14-7                (2)  the full name and address of the candidate's or

 14-8    officeholder's campaign treasurer, if any;

 14-9                (3)  the full name and address of the person making the

14-10    contribution;

14-11                (4)  the date the contribution is received;

14-12                (5)  the amount of the contribution; and

14-13                (6)  an indication of whether the candidate or

14-14    officeholder accepted or refused the contribution.

14-15          SECTION 6.  Chapter 255, Election Code, is amended by adding

14-16    Sections 255.009 and 255.010 to read as follows:

14-17          Sec. 255.009.  DISCLOSURE ON POLITICAL ADVERTISING FOR

14-18    EXECUTIVE AND LEGISLATIVE OFFICES.  (a)  This section applies  only

14-19    to a candidate or specific-purpose committee covered by Subchapter

14-20    G, Chapter 253.

14-21          (b)  Political advertising by a complying candidate as

14-22    defined by Section 253.202 or a specific-purpose committee for

14-23    supporting such a candidate may include the following statement:

14-24    "Political advertising paid for by (name of candidate or committee)

14-25    in compliance with the voluntary expenditure limits of the Texas

14-26    Election Code."

14-27          (c)  Political advertising by a complying candidate or a

 15-1    specific-purpose committee for supporting such a candidate that

 15-2    does not contain the statement prescribed by Subsection (b) must

 15-3    comply with Section 255.001.

 15-4          (d)  Political advertising by a noncomplying candidate as

 15-5    defined by Section 253.202 or a specific-purpose committee for

 15-6    supporting such a candidate must include the following statement:

 15-7    "Political advertising paid for by (name of candidate or

 15-8    committee), (who or which) has rejected the voluntary expenditure

 15-9    limits of the Texas Election Code."

15-10          (e)  The commission shall adopt rules providing for:

15-11                (1)  the minimum size of the disclosure required by

15-12    this section in political advertising that appears on television or

15-13    in writing; and

15-14                (2)  the minimum duration of the disclosure required by

15-15    this section in political advertising that appears on television or

15-16    radio.

15-17          (f)  A person who violates this section or a rule adopted

15-18    under this section commits an offense.  An offense under this

15-19    section is a Class A misdemeanor.

15-20          Sec. 255.010.  RESTRICTIONS ON CERTAIN TELEPHONE AND

15-21    ELECTRONIC POLLING.  (a)  Not later than the fifth day before the

15-22    date a person conducts a telephone or electronic poll in connection

15-23    with a campaign for an office covered by Subchapter G, Chapter 253,

15-24    the person shall file with the commission the script that will be

15-25    used in conducting the poll.  The commission may not take any

15-26    action in connection with a script filed under this subsection

15-27    other than making the script available to the public on request.

 16-1          (b)  At the beginning of a telephone conversation or

 16-2    electronic communication with a polling subject, the pollster

 16-3    shall:

 16-4                (1)  state the pollster's full name;

 16-5                (2)  identify the person conducting the poll and, if

 16-6    that person is not a candidate or political committee, identify the

 16-7    candidate or political committee on whose behalf the person is

 16-8    conducting the poll;

 16-9                (3)  state the location from which the person is

16-10    calling or otherwise communicating; and

16-11                (4)  state the telephone number of the location from

16-12    which the person is calling or otherwise communicating.

16-13          (c)  In conducting the poll, a pollster may not ask a

16-14    question or make a statement that is not included in the script

16-15    filed under Subsection (a), except in response to a question from

16-16    the polling subject.

16-17          (d)  This section applies only to a telephone or electronic

16-18    poll conducted by a person, including a news organization, that is:

16-19                (1)  affiliated or aligned with a candidate, political

16-20    committee, political party, or campaign consultant; or

16-21                (2)  compensated by a candidate, political committee,

16-22    political party, or campaign consultant for conducting the poll.

16-23          (e)  A person who violates this section commits an offense.

16-24    An offense under this section is a Class B misdemeanor.

16-25          (f)  In this section, "pollster" means the person who places

16-26    a telephone call or electronic communication and asks questions of

16-27    a polling subject.

 17-1          SECTION 7.  (a)  Subchapter G, Chapter 253, Election Code, as

 17-2    added by this Act, applies only to a political contribution

 17-3    accepted or a political expenditure made on or after September 1,

 17-4    1997.  A political contribution accepted or a political expenditure

 17-5    made before that date is governed by the law in effect at the time

 17-6    the contribution was accepted or the expenditure was made and is

 17-7    not aggregated with political contributions accepted or political

 17-8    expenditures made on or after that date.

 17-9          (b)  Sections 254.0612, 254.0912, and 254.1212, Election

17-10    Code, as added by this Act, apply only to the reporting of a

17-11    political contribution accepted on or after September 1, 1997.  The

17-12    reporting of a political contribution accepted before that date is

17-13    governed by the law in effect at the time the contribution was

17-14    accepted, and that law is continued in effect for that purpose.

17-15          SECTION 8.  This Act takes effect September 1, 1997.

17-16          SECTION 9.  The importance of this legislation and the

17-17    crowded condition of the calendars in both houses create an

17-18    emergency and an imperative public necessity that the

17-19    constitutional rule requiring bills to be read on three several

17-20    days in each house be suspended, and this rule is hereby suspended.