LEGISLATIVE BUDGET BOARD
                                   Austin, Texas
         
                                   FISCAL NOTE
                               75th Regular Session
         
                                  April 1, 1997
         
         
      TO: Honorable Teel Bivins, Chair            IN RE:  Senate Bill No. 1480
          Committee on Education                              By: Bivins
          Senate
          Austin, Texas
         
         
         
         
         FROM:  John Keel, Director    
         
In response to your request for a Fiscal Note on SB1480 ( Relating 
to the diagnosis of reading development and comprehension at 
certain grade levels in public school.) this office has detemined 
the following:
         
         Biennial Net Impact to General Revenue Funds by SB1480-As Introduced
         
Implementing the provisions of the bill would result in a net 
negative impact of $(13,000,000) to General Revenue Related 
Funds through the biennium ending August 31, 1999.
         
The bill would make no appropriation but could provide the legal 
basis for an appropriation of funds to implement the provisions 
of the bill.
         
 
Fiscal Analysis
 
Fiscal Analysis
 
The bill would provide that the commissioner 
develop a list of reading diagnosis recommendations for school 
districts for the kindergarten, first and second grade levels. 
 These recommendations shall address:

1) administering reading 
instruments to diagnose student reading development and comprehension;
2) 
training educators in administering the reading instruments 
; and
3) applying the results of the reading instruments to 
the instructional program.

The reading assessment instruments 
are required only if state funds are appropriated.  These funds 
may be used to pay for the cost of administering the reading 
instrument only if it was on the list adopted by the commissioner.

The 
adoption of the list containing the reading instruments and 
recommendations must be adopted by the commissioner not later 
than August 1, 1998.  Each school district shall implement a 
reading diagnosis program in accordance with this section beginning 
with the 1998-1999 school year.

This bill would take effect 
September 1, 1997.
 
Methodolgy
 
It is estimated that development of a reading assessment program 
would increase testing contracts and agency administration costs 
by $6.5 million annually.

This bill requires the commissioner 
to adopt a list of reading instruments and recommendations for 
reading diagnosis not later than August 1, 1998.  Also, it gives 
the local district- and campus-level committees the opportunity 
to adopt a different list than the commissioner's list.  The 
state will provide the funds to offset the cost of the reading 
instruments that are on the commissioner's list, but the bill 
does not permit funding for reading instruments if not on the 
commissioner's list.

For the purpose of this bill, the Texas 
Education Agency projects a total student enrollment for grades 
K through 2 for the 1998-1999 school year at 925,000 students. 
 It is assumed that future enrollment will be at a comparable 
level.

The cost of implementing a reading diagnostic instrument 
is dependent upon the type of instrument chosen.  This fiscal 
note assumes only standardized diagnostic instruments will be 
included on the commissioner's approved list, at a cost of about 
$7 per student. 

One FTE is needed to evaluate the instruments 
and to reimburse school districts for costs associated with 
this program.  Annual costs of approximately $60,000 include 
salary, benefits (calculated at 25.21% of base salary), travel 
and operating expenses.

The probable fiscal implications of implementing the provisions 
of the bill during each of the first five years following passage 
is estimated as follows:
 
Five Year Impact:
 
Fiscal Year Probable           Change in Number   
            Savings/(Cost)     of State                                                                   
            from General       Employees from                                                             
            Revenue Fund       FY 1997                                                                    
            0001                                                                                           
       1998      ($6,500,000)               1.0                                                      
       1998       (6,500,000)               1.0                                                      
       2000       (6,500,000)               1.0                                                      
       2001       (6,500,000)               1.0                                                      
       2002       (6,500,000)               1.0                                                      
 
 
         Net Impact on General Revenue Related Funds:
 
The probable fiscal implication to General Revenue related funds 
during each of the first five years is estimated as follows:
 
              Fiscal Year      Probable Net Postive/(Negative)
                               General Revenue Related Funds
                                             Funds
               1998         ($6,500,000)
               1999          (6,500,000)
               2000          (6,500,000)
               2001          (6,500,000)
               2002          (6,500,000)
 
Similar annual fiscal implications would continue as long as 
the provisions of the bill are in effect.
          
The fiscal implication to units of local government are described 
below.

School districts will be reimbursed for the costs 
for administering the reading instruments only if they adopt 
a reading instrument that is included on the commissioner's 
list.  Otherwise, local school districts could incur additional 
costs if they decide to use a reading instrument that is adopted 
by their local district- and campus-level committees.  If districts 
chose to use alternative assessment instruments, the expected 
maximum local cost would be estimated at $6.5 million, in which 
case the state cost would be reduced.

The bill also proposes 
recommendations to be developed by the commissioner for teacher 
training for administering the reading instruments as well as 
applying the results to the instructional programs.  It appears 
that the training and implementation expenses would be a local 
cost.  It can be argued that a school district could meet these 
requirements by displacing/eliminating other staff development 
topics.

Daily training costs are estimated at $40 per day 
per teacher for professionally developed outside training.  
If a school district adds training sessions, an average of $40 
per teacher per day could occur at the local level.  The number 
of teachers that teach K through 2 grades is estimated about 
42,000 teachers.  Therefore, the cost for staff development 
would be about $1,680,000 per day under this scenario.  Some 
districts may choose to replace existing professional development 
programs, which may result in a lower net change in training 
costs.
          
   Source:            Agencies:   701   Texas Education Agency - Administration
                                         
                      LBB Staff:   JK ,LP ,TH