76R13152 E
By Gray, Eiland, Seaman, Luna H.B. No. 2560
Substitute the following for H.B. No. 2560:
By Bosse C.S.H.B. No. 2560
A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
1-1 AN ACT
1-2 relating to coastal erosion.
1-3 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
1-4 SECTION 1. Public beaches and bays are the economic backbone
1-5 of the cities and counties on the Texas Gulf Coast. Natural and
1-6 man-made forces are eroding those beaches and bay shores,
1-7 threatening the coastal tourism industry, parks and other public
1-8 lands and facilities, hotels, restaurants, businesses, and other
1-9 commercial property, highways and other transportation
1-10 infrastructure, and fish and wildlife habitat and destroying the
1-11 public's right to enjoy free public beaches guaranteed under the
1-12 Texas open beaches law, Chapter 61, Natural Resources Code. A
1-13 coastal erosion response program, partially funded by the hotel
1-14 occupancy tax, will preserve all of those vital assets and natural
1-15 resources and protect the economic future of the Texas Gulf Coast.
1-16 SECTION 2. Sections 33.136(a)-(e), Natural Resources Code,
1-17 are amended to read as follows:
1-18 (a) Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, a person may
1-19 not undertake[, on the public beach, as defined in Section
1-20 61.001(8), Texas Natural Resources Code,] an action on or
1-21 immediately landward of a public beach or submerged land, including
1-22 state mineral lands, relating to erosion response that will cause
1-23 or contribute to shoreline alteration before the person has
1-24 conducted and filed a coastal boundary survey in the same manner as
2-1 the survey of public land required by Chapter 21 and any applicable
2-2 rule of the commissioner and has obtained any required lease or
2-3 other instrument from the commissioner or board, as applicable. A
2-4 person is not required to obtain a lease or other instrument from
2-5 the commissioner or board if the action is confined to land owned
2-6 by a navigation district or municipality. On filing of the survey,
2-7 the shoreline depicted on the survey is a fixed line for the
2-8 purpose of locating a shoreline boundary, subject to movement
2-9 [erosion] landward of that line. A coastal boundary survey
2-10 conducted under this section may not be filed until the
2-11 commissioner gives notice of approval under Subsection (c).
2-12 (b) The survey must contain the following statement:
2-13 "NOTICE: This survey was performed in accordance with Section
2-14 33.136, Natural Resources Code, for the purpose of evidencing the
2-15 location of the shoreline in the area depicted in this survey as
2-16 that shoreline existed before commencement of erosion response
2-17 activity [on the public beach], as required by Chapter 33, Natural
2-18 Resources Code. The line depicted on this survey fixes the
2-19 shoreline for the purpose of locating a shoreline boundary, subject
2-20 to movement [erosion] landward as provided by Section 33.136,
2-21 Natural Resources Code."
2-22 (c) Within 30 days after the date the commissioner approves
2-23 a coastal boundary survey [fixing the location of the shoreline]
2-24 under this section, the commissioner shall provide notice of that
2-25 approval [the commissioner's action] by:
2-26 (1) publication in the Texas Register;
2-27 (2) publication for two consecutive weeks in a
3-1 newspaper of general circulation in the county or counties in which
3-2 the land depicted in the survey is located; and
3-3 (3) filing a copy of the approval [commissioner's
3-4 decision] in the archives and records division of the land office.
3-5 (d) A person who claims title to permanent school fund land
3-6 as a result of accretion, reliction, or avulsion in the coastal
3-7 zone on or after September 1, 1999, [on the public beach in an area
3-8 where the shoreline was or may have been changed by an action
3-9 relating to erosion response] must, in order to prevail in the
3-10 claim, prove that:
3-11 (1) a change in the shoreline has occurred;
3-12 (2) the change did not occur as a result of the
3-13 claimant's actions, the action of any predecessor in title, the
3-14 action of any grantee, assignee, licensee, or person authorized by
3-15 the claimant to use the claimant's land, or an erosion response
3-16 activity; and
3-17 (3) the claimant is entitled to benefit from the
3-18 change.
3-19 (e) An upland owner who, because of erosion response
3-20 activity undertaken by the commissioner, ceases to hold title to
3-21 land that extends to the shoreline as altered by the erosion
3-22 response activity is entitled to continue to exercise all littoral
3-23 rights possessed by that owner before the date the erosion response
3-24 activity commenced, including rights of ingress, egress, boating,
3-25 bathing, and fishing.
3-26 SECTION 3. Section 33.203(10), Natural Resources Code, is
3-27 amended to read as follows:
4-1 (10) "Critical erosion area" has the meaning assigned
4-2 the term "critical coastal erosion area" [means an area designated]
4-3 by [the land commissioner under] Section 33.601 [33.601(b)].
4-4 SECTION 4. Subchapter H, Chapter 33, Natural Resources Code,
4-5 is amended to read as follows:
4-6 SUBCHAPTER H. COASTAL EROSION
4-7 Sec. 33.601. DEFINITIONS. In this subchapter:
4-8 (1) "Account" means the coastal erosion response
4-9 account established under Section 33.604.
4-10 (2) "Beach nourishment" means the placement of
4-11 beach-quality sediment on an eroded beach to restore it as a
4-12 recreational beach, provide storm protection for upland property,
4-13 maintain a restored beach by the replacement of sand, or serve
4-14 other similar beneficial purposes.
4-15 (3) "Coastal erosion" means the loss of land, marshes,
4-16 wetlands, beaches, or other coastal features within the coastal
4-17 zone because of the actions of wind, waves, tides, storm surges,
4-18 subsidence, or other forces.
4-19 (4) "Critical coastal erosion area" means a coastal
4-20 area that is experiencing historical erosion, according to the most
4-21 recently published data of the Bureau of Economic Geology of The
4-22 University of Texas at Austin, that the commissioner finds to be a
4-23 threat to:
4-24 (A) public health, safety, or welfare;
4-25 (B) public beach use or access;
4-26 (C) general recreation;
4-27 (D) traffic safety;
5-1 (E) public property or infrastructure;
5-2 (F) private commercial or residential property;
5-3 (G) fish or wildlife habitat; or
5-4 (H) an area of regional or national importance.
5-5 (5) "Erosion response project" means an action
5-6 intended to address or mitigate coastal erosion, including beach
5-7 nourishment, sediment management, beneficial use of dredged
5-8 material, creation or enhancement of a dune, wetland, or marsh, and
5-9 construction of a breakwater, bulkhead, groin, jetty, or other
5-10 structure.
5-11 (6) "Hard structure" means an erosion response
5-12 structure such as a bulkhead, seawall, revetment, jetty, or groin
5-13 or a similar structure that is the functional equivalent of one of
5-14 those structures.
5-15 (7) "Institution of higher education" has the meaning
5-16 assigned by Section 61.003, Education Code.
5-17 (8) "Local government" means a political subdivision
5-18 of this state.
5-19 (9) "Project cooperation agreement" means a contract
5-20 executed by the land office and a qualified project partner that
5-21 explicitly defines the terms under which a study or project will be
5-22 conducted.
5-23 (10) "Public beach" has the meaning assigned by
5-24 Section 61.013.
5-25 (11) "Qualified project partner" means a local
5-26 government, state or federal agency, institution of higher
5-27 education, homeowners' association, or other public or private
6-1 entity that enters into an agreement with the land office to
6-2 finance, study, design, install, or maintain an erosion response
6-3 project.
6-4 (12) "Shared project cost" means a project cost
6-5 identified by the commissioner and established in a project
6-6 cooperation agreement that will be shared with a qualified project
6-7 partner.
6-8 Sec. 33.602. COASTAL EROSION DUTIES AND AUTHORITY. (a) The
6-9 land office shall implement a program [act as the lead agency for
6-10 the coordination] of coastal erosion avoidance, remediation, and
6-11 planning. The commissioner shall ensure that erosion avoidance,
6-12 remediation, and planning protect the common law rights of the
6-13 public in public beaches as affirmed by Subchapter B, Chapter 61
6-14 [of this code].
6-15 (b) The commissioner shall publish and periodically update a
6-16 coastal erosion response plan. The commissioner shall develop the
6-17 plan[,] in coordination with state and federal agencies and local
6-18 governments and provide for public input on the plan. The plan
6-19 must[, promulgate rules, recommendations, standards, and guidelines
6-20 for erosion avoidance and remediation and for prioritizing critical
6-21 coastal erosion areas. The commissioner shall] identify critical
6-22 coastal erosion areas and prioritize coastal erosion response
6-23 studies and projects so that:
6-24 (1) benefits are balanced throughout the coast;
6-25 (2) federal and local financial participation is
6-26 maximized;
6-27 (3) studies and projects are scheduled to achieve
7-1 efficiencies and economies of scale; and
7-2 (4) the severity of erosion effects in each area is
7-3 taken into account [establish recommendations, standards, and
7-4 guidelines for coastal erosion avoidance and remediation in those
7-5 areas].
7-6 (c) The commissioner may adopt rules necessary to implement
7-7 this subchapter.
7-8 Sec. 33.603 [33.602]. COASTAL EROSION STUDIES AND PROJECTS.
7-9 (a) The land office shall undertake coastal [engage in] erosion
7-10 studies, demonstration projects, and response projects if the land
7-11 office receives legislative appropriations or other funding for
7-12 that purpose. If reasonable and appropriate, the land office
7-13 shall work [studies] in conjunction with other state agencies,
7-14 local governments, [and] federal agencies, including the United
7-15 States Army Corps of Engineers, or other qualified project partners
7-16 in undertaking those studies and projects.
7-17 (b) The studies and [Such] projects [and studies] shall
7-18 address:
7-19 (1) assessment of the feasibility, cost, and financing
7-20 of different methods of avoiding, slowing, or remedying coastal
7-21 erosion; [, including but not limited to the following:]
7-22 (2) beneficial [(1) selective] placement [and
7-23 stockpiling] of [beach-quality] dredged material where appropriate
7-24 to replenish eroded public beach, bay shore, marsh [bay], and dune
7-25 areas;
7-26 (3) public beach, bay shore, and marsh nourishment or
7-27 restoration projects using sediments other than material from
8-1 navigational or other dredging projects;
8-2 (4) [(2)] guidelines on grain size and toxicity level;
8-3 (5) the economic, natural resource, and other benefits
8-4 of coastal erosion projects;
8-5 (6) [(3) establishment of beach nourishment projects
8-6 as a method of flood control;]
8-7 [(4) promoting] the protection, revegetation, and
8-8 restoration of dunes;
8-9 (7) [(5)] the planting of vegetation as a means of
8-10 inhibiting bay shore [bayshore] erosion and projects developing and
8-11 cultivating disease-resistant vegetation adapted to local
8-12 conditions;
8-13 (8) [(6) decreasing the current deficiency in the sand
8-14 budget;]
8-15 [(7)] the construction or retrofitting [feasibility]
8-16 of [constructing new] dams, jetties, groins, and other impoundment
8-17 structures with sediment bypassing systems;
8-18 [(8) the feasibility of retrofitting existing
8-19 impoundment structures to allow sediment bypassing;]
8-20 (9) estimating the quantity and quality of sediment
8-21 trapped by reservoirs, navigation channels, and placement areas and
8-22 identification of other [the] sediment sources;
8-23 (10) hard structures on bay shorelines,
8-24 [(10) decreasing and eliminating human-induced subsidence by means
8-25 including, but not limited to, evaluating the consequences of
8-26 limiting groundwater withdrawals and maintaining adequate pressure
8-27 in hydrocarbon reservoirs, consistent with proper petroleum
9-1 reservoir engineering principles and applicable regulatory
9-2 requirements; and]
9-3 [(11)] giving preference to [and encouraging] "soft"
9-4 methods of avoiding, slowing, or remedying erosion in lieu of
9-5 erecting hard or rigid shorefront structures;
9-6 (11) storm damage mitigation, post-storm damage
9-7 assessment, and debris removal from public beaches; and
9-8 (12) other studies or projects the commissioner
9-9 considers necessary or appropriate to implement this subchapter.
9-10 (c) An agreement between the commissioner and a qualified
9-11 project partner to undertake a coastal erosion response study or
9-12 project:
9-13 (1) must require the qualified project partner to pay
9-14 at least 25 percent of the shared project cost:
9-15 (A) before completion of the project; or
9-16 (B) following completion of the project, in
9-17 accordance with a schedule provided by the agreement; and
9-18 (2) may contain other terms governing the study or
9-19 project.
9-20 (d) This chapter does not authorize the construction or
9-21 funding of a hard structure on or landward of a public beach.
9-22 Sec. 33.604. COASTAL EROSION RESPONSE ACCOUNT. (a) The
9-23 coastal erosion response account is an account in the general
9-24 revenue fund that may be appropriated only to the commissioner and
9-25 used only for the purpose of implementing this subchapter.
9-26 (b) The account consists of:
9-27 (1) all money appropriated for the purposes of this
10-1 subchapter;
10-2 (2) grants to this state from the United States for
10-3 the purposes of this subchapter; and
10-4 (3) all money received by this state from the sale of
10-5 dredged material.
10-6 Sec. 33.605. USES OF ACCOUNT. (a) Money in the account may
10-7 be used for any action authorized by this subchapter.
10-8 (b) The commissioner must approve an expenditure from the
10-9 account. In determining whether to approve an expenditure for a
10-10 study or project, the commissioner shall consider:
10-11 (1) the amount of money in the account;
10-12 (2) the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of the
10-13 study or project;
10-14 (3) the locations of other existing or proposed
10-15 erosion response projects;
10-16 (4) the needs in other critical coastal erosion areas;
10-17 (5) the effect of the study or project on public or
10-18 private property; and
10-19 (6) if the site to be studied or project to be
10-20 conducted will be located within the jurisdiction of a local
10-21 government subject to Chapter 61 or 63, whether the local
10-22 government is adequately administering those chapters.
10-23 Sec. 33.606 [33.603]. GRANTS AND GIFTS. The commissioner
10-24 may apply for, request, solicit, contract for, receive, and accept
10-25 gifts, grants, donations, and other assistance from any source to
10-26 carry out the powers and duties provided by this subchapter.
10-27 Sec. 33.607 [33.604]. COASTAL EROSION PUBLIC AWARENESS AND
11-1 EDUCATION. (a) The land office shall be responsible for and shall
11-2 coordinate with other agencies to increase public awareness through
11-3 public education concerning:
11-4 (1) the causes of erosion;
11-5 (2) the consequences of erosion;
11-6 (3) the importance of barrier islands, dunes, and bays
11-7 as a natural defense against storms and hurricanes; and
11-8 (4) erosion avoidance techniques.
11-9 (b) On an ongoing basis, the [The] commissioner, in
11-10 consultation [cooperation] with the Bureau of Economic Geology of
11-11 The University of Texas at Austin [Bureau of Economic Geology] and
11-12 coastal [local] county and municipal governments [for each coastal
11-13 county], shall monitor historical [jointly quantify the] erosion
11-14 rates at each location along the shore of the Gulf of Mexico.
11-15 (c) The commissioner shall make historical erosion data
11-16 accessible, through the Internet and otherwise, to the public and
11-17 persons receiving the notice required under Section 61.025.
11-18 (d) A local government subject to Chapter 61 or 63 is
11-19 encouraged to use historical erosion data to[,] prepare a plan for
11-20 reducing public expenditures for erosion and storm damage losses to
11-21 public and private property, including public beaches, by
11-22 establishing and implementing a building set-back line that will
11-23 accommodate a [50-year] shoreline retreat. The local government
11-24 shall hold a public educational meeting on the plan before
11-25 proposing to implement it through the plans, orders, or ordinances
11-26 provided by Chapters 61 and 63[, and report back to the legislature
11-27 with recommendations].
12-1 Sec. 33.608. REPORT TO LEGISLATURE. Each biennium, the
12-2 commissioner shall submit to the legislature a report listing:
12-3 (1) each critical erosion area;
12-4 (2) each proposed erosion response study or project;
12-5 (3) an estimate of the cost of each proposed study or
12-6 project described by Subdivision (2);
12-7 (4) each coastal erosion response study or project
12-8 funded under this subchapter during the preceding biennium;
12-9 (5) the economic and natural resource benefits from
12-10 each coastal erosion response study or project described by
12-11 Subdivision (4);
12-12 (6) the financial status of the account; and
12-13 (7) an estimate of the cost of implementing this
12-14 subchapter during the succeeding biennium.
12-15 Sec. 33.609. LANDOWNER CONSENT. (a) The commissioner may
12-16 not undertake a coastal erosion response project on:
12-17 (1) permanent school fund land without first obtaining
12-18 the written consent of the school land board; or
12-19 (2) private property, other than that encumbered by
12-20 the common law rights of the public affirmed by Chapter 61, without
12-21 first obtaining the written consent of the property owner.
12-22 (b) If the commissioner cannot determine the identity of or
12-23 locate a property owner, consent is considered to have been given
12-24 if:
12-25 (1) the commissioner publishes a notice of the project
12-26 at least once a week for two consecutive weeks in the newspaper
12-27 having the largest circulation in the county in which the project
13-1 is located; and
13-2 (2) the property owner does not object on or before
13-3 the 20th day after the last date notice is published under
13-4 Subdivision (1).
13-5 Sec. 33.610. REMOVAL OF SUBMERGED LAND FROM APPRAISAL AND
13-6 TAX ROLLS. (a) If the commissioner determines that land has
13-7 become submerged by erosion or subsidence and as a result is
13-8 dedicated to the permanent school fund, the commissioner may notify
13-9 in writing the appraisal district that appraises the land for ad
13-10 valorem tax purposes and each taxing unit that imposes taxes on the
13-11 land. The notice must include a legal description of the land.
13-12 (b) On receipt of notice under Subsection (a):
13-13 (1) the appraisal district shall remove the land from
13-14 the appraisal roll; and
13-15 (2) each taxing unit shall remove the land from its
13-16 tax roll.
13-17 Sec. 33.611. IMMUNITY. (a) This state, the commissioner,
13-18 and land office staff are immune from suit for damages and from
13-19 liability for an act or omission related to:
13-20 (1) the approval, disapproval, funding, or performance
13-21 of a coastal erosion response activity, including an erosion
13-22 response study or project or a survey; or
13-23 (2) the failure of an erosion response project
13-24 undertaken by the commissioner under this subchapter to fulfill its
13-25 intended purpose.
13-26 (b) The immunity granted by this section does not apply to
13-27 an act or omission that is intentional, wilfully or wantonly
14-1 negligent, or performed with conscious indifference or reckless
14-2 disregard for the safety of others.
14-3 Sec. 33.612. JUDICIAL REVIEW. (a) Judicial review of
14-4 rights affected by an action of this state, the commissioner, or
14-5 land office staff under this subchapter is under the substantial
14-6 evidence rule. In order to prevail, a person seeking review must
14-7 prove that the action complained of was arbitrary, capricious, or
14-8 otherwise not in accordance with law.
14-9 (b) Venue for an action relating to this subchapter is in
14-10 Travis County.
14-11 SECTION 5. Sections 40.151(a) and (b), Natural Resources
14-12 Code, are amended to read as follows:
14-13 (a) The purpose of this subchapter is to provide immediately
14-14 available funds for response to all unauthorized discharges, for
14-15 cleanup of pollution from unauthorized discharges of oil, [and] for
14-16 payment of damages from unauthorized discharges of oil, and for
14-17 erosion response projects.
14-18 (b) The coastal protection fund is established in the state
14-19 treasury to be used by the commissioner as a nonlapsing revolving
14-20 fund only for carrying out the purposes of this chapter and of
14-21 Subchapter H, Chapter 33. To this fund shall be credited all fees,
14-22 penalties, judgments, reimbursements, and charges provided for in
14-23 this chapter and the fee revenues levied, collected, and credited
14-24 pursuant to this chapter. The fund shall not exceed $50 million.
14-25 SECTION 6. Section 40.152(a), Natural Resources Code, is
14-26 amended to read as follows:
14-27 (a) Money in the fund may be disbursed for the following
15-1 purposes and no others:
15-2 (1) administrative expenses, personnel and training
15-3 expenses, and equipment maintenance and operating costs related to
15-4 implementation and enforcement of this chapter;
15-5 (2) response costs related to abatement and
15-6 containment of actual or threatened unauthorized discharges of oil
15-7 incidental to unauthorized discharges of hazardous substances;
15-8 (3) response costs and damages related to actual or
15-9 threatened unauthorized discharges of oil;
15-10 (4) assessment, restoration, rehabilitation, or
15-11 replacement of or mitigation of damage to natural resources damaged
15-12 by an unauthorized discharge of oil;
15-13 (5) in an amount not to exceed $50,000 annually, the
15-14 small spill education program;
15-15 (6) in an amount not to exceed $1,250,000 annually,
15-16 interagency contracts under Section 40.302 [of this code];
15-17 (7) the purchase of response equipment under Section
15-18 40.105 [of this code] within two years of the effective date of
15-19 this chapter, in an amount not to exceed $4 million; thereafter,
15-20 for the purchase of equipment to replace equipment that is worn or
15-21 obsolete;
15-22 (8) an inventory under Section 40.107 [of this code],
15-23 to be completed by September 1, 1995, in an amount not to exceed $6
15-24 million; [and]
15-25 (9) other costs and damages authorized by this
15-26 chapter; and
15-27 (10) in an amount not to exceed the interest accruing
16-1 to the fund annually, erosion response projects under Subchapter H,
16-2 Chapter 33.
16-3 SECTION 7. Section 40.153, Natural Resources Code, is
16-4 amended to read as follows:
16-5 Sec. 40.153. REIMBURSEMENT OF FUND. The commissioner shall
16-6 recover to the use of the fund, either from persons responsible for
16-7 the unauthorized discharge or otherwise liable or from the federal
16-8 fund, jointly and severally, all sums owed to or expended from the
16-9 fund. This section does not apply to sums expended under Section
16-10 40.152(a)(10).
16-11 SECTION 8. Section 40.161, Natural Resources Code, is
16-12 amended by adding Subsection (c) to read as follows:
16-13 (c) This section does not apply to a sum expended under
16-14 Section 40.152(a)(10).
16-15 SECTION 9. Section 61.025(a), Natural Resources Code, is
16-16 amended to read as follows:
16-17 (a) A person who sells or conveys an interest, other than a
16-18 mineral, leasehold, or security interest, in real property located
16-19 seaward of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to its southernmost point
16-20 and then seaward of the longitudinal line also known as 97 degrees,
16-21 12', 19" which runs southerly to the international boundary from
16-22 the intersection of the centerline of the Gulf Intracoastal
16-23 Waterway and the Brownsville Ship Channel must include in any
16-24 executory contract for conveyance the following statement:
16-25 The real property described in this contract is located
16-26 seaward of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to its southernmost point
16-27 and then seaward of the longitudinal line also known as 97 degrees,
17-1 12', 19" which runs southerly to the international boundary from
17-2 the intersection of the centerline of the Gulf Intracoastal
17-3 Waterway and the Brownsville Ship Channel. If the property is in
17-4 close proximity to a beach fronting the Gulf of Mexico, the
17-5 purchaser is hereby advised that the public has acquired a right of
17-6 use or easement to or over the area of any public beach by
17-7 prescription, dedication, or presumption, or has retained a right
17-8 by virtue of continuous right in the public since time immemorial,
17-9 as recognized in law and custom.
17-10 The extreme seaward boundary of natural vegetation that
17-11 spreads continuously inland customarily marks the landward boundary
17-12 of the public easement. If there is no clearly marked natural
17-13 vegetation line, the landward boundary of the easement is as
17-14 provided by Sections 61.016 and 61.017, Natural Resources Code.
17-15 State law prohibits any obstruction, barrier, restraint, or
17-16 interference with the use of the public easement, including the
17-17 placement of structures seaward of the landward boundary of the
17-18 easement. STRUCTURES ERECTED SEAWARD OF THE VEGETATION LINE (OR
17-19 OTHER APPLICABLE EASEMENT BOUNDARY) OR THAT BECOME SEAWARD OF THE
17-20 VEGETATION LINE AS A RESULT OF NATURAL PROCESSES SUCH AS SHORELINE
17-21 EROSION ARE SUBJECT TO A LAWSUIT BY THE STATE OF TEXAS TO REMOVE
17-22 THE STRUCTURES.
17-23 The purchaser is hereby notified that the purchaser should:
17-24 (1) determine the rate of shoreline erosion in the
17-25 vicinity of the real property; and
17-26 (2) seek the advice of an attorney or other qualified
17-27 person before executing this contract or instrument of conveyance
18-1 as to the relevance of these statutes and facts to the value of the
18-2 property the purchaser is hereby purchasing or contracting to
18-3 purchase.
18-4 SECTION 10. (a) This Act takes effect September 1, 1999.
18-5 (b) Section 33.136(d), Natural Resources Code, as amended by
18-6 this Act, applies only to a cause of action that accrues on or
18-7 after September 1, 1999. A cause of action that accrued before the
18-8 effective date of this Act is covered by the law as it existed
18-9 immediately before that date, and that law is continued in effect
18-10 for that purpose.
18-11 (c) Section 33.609, Natural Resources Code, as added by this
18-12 Act, applies only to erosion response activity undertaken on or
18-13 after September 1, 1999.
18-14 (d) Section 33.611, Natural Resources Code, as added by this
18-15 Act, applies only to a cause of action that accrues on or after
18-16 September 1, 1999. A cause of action that accrued before the
18-17 effective date of this Act is covered by the law as it existed
18-18 immediately before that date, and that law is continued in effect
18-19 for that purpose.
18-20 SECTION 11. The importance of this legislation and the
18-21 crowded condition of the calendars in both houses create an
18-22 emergency and an imperative public necessity that the
18-23 constitutional rule requiring bills to be read on three several
18-24 days in each house be suspended, and this rule is hereby suspended.