1-1 By: Nelson, et al. S.B. No. 27 1-2 (In the Senate - Filed November 9, 1998; January 26, 1999, 1-3 read first time and referred to Committee on Human Services; 1-4 March 15, 1999, reported adversely, with favorable Committee 1-5 Substitute by the following vote: Yeas 3, Nays 2; March 15, 1999, 1-6 sent to printer.) 1-7 COMMITTEE SUBSTITUTE FOR S.B. No. 27 By: Carona 1-8 A BILL TO BE ENTITLED 1-9 AN ACT 1-10 relating to parental consent before an abortion may be performed on 1-11 a minor; providing a criminal penalty. 1-12 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS: 1-13 SECTION 1. Subtitle A, Title 2, Family Code, is amended by 1-14 adding Chapter 33 to read as follows: 1-15 CHAPTER 33. NOTICE OF ABORTION 1-16 Sec. 33.001. DEFINITIONS. In this chapter: 1-17 (1) "Abortion" means the use of any means to terminate 1-18 the pregnancy of a female known by the attending physician to be 1-19 pregnant, with the intention that the termination of the pregnancy 1-20 by those means will, with reasonable likelihood, cause the death of 1-21 the fetus. 1-22 (2) "Fetus" means an individual human organism from 1-23 fertilization until birth. 1-24 (3) "Guardian" means a court-appointed guardian of the 1-25 person of the minor. 1-26 (4) "Medical emergency" means a condition that, on the 1-27 basis of a physician's good faith clinical judgment, complicates 1-28 the medical condition of a pregnant woman and necessitates the 1-29 immediate abortion of her pregnancy to avert her death or to avoid 1-30 a serious risk of substantial and irreversible impairment of a 1-31 major bodily function. 1-32 (5) "Physician" means an individual licensed to 1-33 practice medicine in this state. 1-34 Sec. 33.002. PARENTAL CONSENT. (a) A physician may not 1-35 perform an abortion on a pregnant minor unless: 1-36 (1) a parent, managing conservator, or guardian of the 1-37 minor consents in writing to the abortion; 1-38 (2) a justice of the peace, judge of a county court at 1-39 law, or judge of a district court or the court of appeals issues an 1-40 order authorizing the minor to consent to the abortion as provided 1-41 by Section 33.003, 33.004, or 33.005; or 1-42 (3) the physician performing the abortion: 1-43 (A) concludes that a medical emergency exists 1-44 and there is insufficient time to obtain the consent required by 1-45 Subdivision (1); and 1-46 (B) certifies in writing to the Texas 1-47 Department of Health and in the patient's medical record the 1-48 medical indications supporting the physician's judgment that a 1-49 medical emergency exists and that there is insufficient time to 1-50 obtain the required consent. 1-51 (b) The Texas Department of Health shall prepare a form to 1-52 be used for making the certification required by Subsection (a)(3). 1-53 (c) A physician who violates this section commits an 1-54 offense. An offense under this subsection is a Class A 1-55 misdemeanor. 1-56 Sec. 33.003. JUDICIAL BYPASS. (a) A pregnant minor who 1-57 wishes to have an abortion without the consent of either of her 1-58 parents, her managing conservator, or her guardian may file an 1-59 application for a court order authorizing the minor to consent to 1-60 the performance of an abortion without the consent of either of her 1-61 parents or a managing conservator or guardian. 1-62 (b) The application must be filed in the justice court in: 1-63 (1) the precinct in which the minor resides; 1-64 (2) a precinct that borders the precinct in which the 2-1 minor resides; or 2-2 (3) the precinct in which the hospital, clinic, or 2-3 facility in which the abortion would be performed is located. 2-4 (c) The application must be made under oath and include: 2-5 (1) a statement that the minor is pregnant; 2-6 (2) a statement that the minor is under 18 years of 2-7 age; 2-8 (3) a statement that the minor wishes to have an 2-9 abortion without the consent of a parent, managing conservator, or 2-10 guardian; and 2-11 (4) a statement as to whether the minor has retained 2-12 an attorney and, if she has retained an attorney, the name, 2-13 address, and telephone number of her attorney. 2-14 (d) The justice of the peace shall ensure that the minor is 2-15 given assistance in preparing and filing the application. The 2-16 assistance may be provided by court personnel, volunteers, or other 2-17 persons appointed by the justice of the peace. 2-18 (e) Proceedings in the justice court shall be conducted in a 2-19 manner that protects the anonymity of the minor. The application 2-20 and all court records pertaining to the proceedings are 2-21 confidential and may not be made available to the public. The 2-22 minor may file the application using a pseudonym or using only her 2-23 initials. 2-24 (f) The justice of the peace may appoint a guardian ad litem 2-25 for the minor. If the minor has not retained an attorney, the 2-26 justice of the peace may appoint an attorney to represent the 2-27 minor. If the guardian ad litem is an attorney admitted to the 2-28 practice of law in this state, the justice of the peace may appoint 2-29 the guardian ad litem to serve as the minor's attorney. 2-30 (g) The justice of the peace shall set a time for a hearing 2-31 on an application filed under this section. The hearing shall be 2-32 conducted not later than 5 p.m. of the second business day after 2-33 the date the application is filed with the court. The minor may 2-34 request an extension of that period. The justice of the peace 2-35 shall enter judgment on the application immediately after the 2-36 hearing is concluded. 2-37 (h) The justice of the peace shall determine by a 2-38 preponderance of the evidence: 2-39 (1) whether the minor is sufficiently mature and 2-40 well-informed to make the decision to have an abortion performed 2-41 without the consent required under Section 33.002(a)(1); or 2-42 (2) whether requiring the consent would not be in the 2-43 best interest of the minor. 2-44 (i) If the justice of the peace finds in the affirmative 2-45 under Subsection (h)(1) or (2), the justice of the peace shall 2-46 issue an order authorizing the minor to consent to the abortion. 2-47 (j) If the justice of the peace finds in the negative under 2-48 both Subsections (h)(1) and (2), the justice of the peace may not 2-49 authorize the minor to consent to the abortion. 2-50 (k) The clerk of the supreme court shall prescribe the 2-51 application form to be used by the minor filing an application 2-52 under this section. 2-53 (l) A filing fee is not required of, and court costs may not 2-54 be assessed against, a minor filing an application under this 2-55 section. 2-56 Sec. 33.004. DE NOVO APPEAL TO COURT OF RECORD. (a) A 2-57 minor whose application under Section 33.003 is denied may appeal 2-58 to a county court at law or a district court for: 2-59 (1) the county in which the minor resides; 2-60 (2) a county that borders the county in which the 2-61 minor resides; or 2-62 (3) the county in which the hospital, clinic, or 2-63 facility in which the abortion would be performed is located. 2-64 (b) An appeal under this section shall be de novo. 2-65 (c) Notice of appeal shall be filed in the justice court 2-66 that denied the minor's application. On receipt of a notice of 2-67 appeal, the justice of the peace shall cause to be delivered a copy 2-68 of the notice of appeal and a copy of all records pertaining to the 2-69 application to the clerk of the court in which the de novo appeal 3-1 is to be heard. On receipt of the notice and record, the clerk 3-2 shall place the de novo appeal on the docket of the court. 3-3 (d) The court hearing the de novo appeal shall appoint a 3-4 guardian ad litem for the minor. If the minor has not retained an 3-5 attorney, the court shall appoint an attorney to represent the 3-6 minor. If the guardian ad litem is an attorney admitted to the 3-7 practice of law in this state, the court may appoint the guardian 3-8 ad litem to serve as the minor's attorney. 3-9 (e) Proceedings in the de novo appeal shall be conducted in 3-10 a manner that protects the anonymity of the minor. The application 3-11 and all court records pertaining to the proceedings are 3-12 confidential and may not be made available to the public. The 3-13 minor may file the notice of appeal using a pseudonym or only her 3-14 initials. 3-15 (f) The court shall set a time for the de novo hearing on 3-16 the application and shall keep a record of all testimony and other 3-17 oral proceedings in the action. The hearing shall be conducted not 3-18 later than 5 p.m. of the second business day after the date the 3-19 notice of appeal is filed. The minor may request an extension of 3-20 that period. The court shall enter judgment on the application 3-21 immediately after the hearing is concluded. 3-22 (g) The court shall determine by a preponderance of the 3-23 evidence: 3-24 (1) whether the minor is sufficiently mature and 3-25 well-informed to make the decision to have an abortion performed 3-26 without the consent of a responsible adult; or 3-27 (2) whether requiring the consent would not be in the 3-28 best interest of the minor. 3-29 (h) If the court finds in the affirmative under either 3-30 Subsection (g)(1) or (2), the court shall issue an order 3-31 authorizing the minor to grant consent for the abortion. 3-32 (i) If the court finds in the negative under both 3-33 Subsections (g)(1) and (2), the court may not authorize the minor 3-34 to consent to an abortion. 3-35 (j) The clerk of the supreme court shall prescribe the 3-36 notice of appeal form to be used by the minor seeking the de novo 3-37 appeal. 3-38 (k) A filing fee is not required of, and court costs may not 3-39 be assessed against, a minor filing an appeal under this section. 3-40 The minor is not required to file an appeal bond. 3-41 Sec. 33.005. APPEAL TO APPELLATE COURT. (a) A minor whose 3-42 appeal under Section 33.004 is denied may appeal to the court of 3-43 appeals having jurisdiction over the cause. On receipt of a notice 3-44 of appeal, the clerk of the court that denied the appeal shall 3-45 deliver a copy of the notice of appeal and record on appeal to the 3-46 clerk of the court of appeals. On receipt of the notice and 3-47 record, the clerk of the appellate court shall place the appeal on 3-48 the docket of the court. 3-49 (b) The court of appeals shall rule on an appeal under this 3-50 section not later than 5 p.m. on the second business day after the 3-51 date the notice of appeal is filed. The minor may request an 3-52 extension of that period. 3-53 (c) The clerk of the supreme court shall prescribe the 3-54 notice of appeal form to be used by the minor appealing a judgment 3-55 under this section. 3-56 (d) A minor filing an appeal under this section may not be 3-57 required to post an appeal bond. 3-58 SECTION 2. Except as provided by Section 4 of this Act, this 3-59 Act takes effect September 1, 1999. 3-60 SECTION 3. Chapter 33, Family Code, as added by this Act, 3-61 applies only to an abortion performed on or after January 1, 2000. 3-62 An abortion performed before January 1, 2000, is governed by the 3-63 law as it existed immediately before the effective date of this 3-64 Act, and that law is continued in effect for that purpose. 3-65 SECTION 4. Subsection (c), Section 33.002, Family Code, as 3-66 added by this Act, takes effect January 1, 2000. 3-67 SECTION 5. The Texas Board of Health shall adopt the form to 3-68 be used under Subdivision (3), Subsection (a), Section 33.002, 3-69 Family Code, as added by this Act, not later than December 15, 4-1 1999. 4-2 SECTION 6. The Texas Supreme Court shall promptly issue 4-3 rules necessary to ensure that the process established by Sections 4-4 33.003, 33.004, and 33.005, Family Code, as added by this Act, will 4-5 be conducted in a manner that will ensure confidentiality and 4-6 sufficient precedence over all other pending matters to ensure 4-7 promptness of disposition. 4-8 SECTION 7. The clerk of the Texas Supreme Court shall adopt 4-9 the application form and notice of appeal form to be used under 4-10 Sections 33.003, 33.004, and 33.005, Family Code, as added by this 4-11 Act, not later than December 15, 1999. 4-12 SECTION 8. The importance of this legislation and the 4-13 crowded condition of the calendars in both houses create an 4-14 emergency and an imperative public necessity that the 4-15 constitutional rule requiring bills to be read on three several 4-16 days in each house be suspended, and this rule is hereby suspended. 4-17 * * * * *