By: Ogden, Lucio S.B. No. 188
A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT
1-1 relating to the consequences of causing injury to a pregnant woman;
1-2 creating certain offenses.
1-3 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:
1-4 ARTICLE 1. CRIMINAL PENALTIES
1-5 SECTION 1.01. Section 22.01, Penal Code, is amended by
1-6 amending Subsection (a) and adding Subsections (f) and (g) to read
1-7 as follows:
1-8 (a) A person commits an offense if the person:
1-9 (1) intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly causes
1-10 bodily injury to another, including the person's spouse;
1-11 (2) intentionally or knowingly threatens another with
1-12 imminent bodily injury, including the person's spouse; [or]
1-13 (3) intentionally or knowingly causes physical contact
1-14 with another when the person knows or should reasonably believe
1-15 that the other will regard the contact as offensive or provocative;
1-16 or
1-17 (4) intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly causes
1-18 bodily injury to another, including the person's spouse, who is a
1-19 pregnant woman.
1-20 (f) An offense under Subsection (a)(4) is a felony of the
1-21 third degree.
1-22 (g) It is an affirmative defense to prosecution under
1-23 Subsection (a)(4) that the conduct charged is an abortion performed
1-24 by a physician in accordance with the Medical Practice Act (Article
2-1 4495b, Vernon's Texas Civil Statutes) and other applicable law.
2-2 SECTION 1.02. Section 22.02, Penal Code, is amended by
2-3 amending Subsection (a) and adding Subsections (d) and (e) to read
2-4 as follows:
2-5 (a) A person commits an offense if the person commits
2-6 assault as defined in Section 22.01 and the person:
2-7 (1) causes serious bodily injury to another, including
2-8 the person's spouse; [or]
2-9 (2) causes bodily injury to another, including the
2-10 person's spouse, who is a pregnant woman and causes her to suffer a
2-11 miscarriage or stillbirth; or
2-12 (3) uses or exhibits a deadly weapon during the
2-13 commission of the assault.
2-14 (d) In this section:
2-15 (1) "Miscarriage" means the interruption of the normal
2-16 development of a fetus, other than by a live birth, resulting in
2-17 the complete expulsion or extraction from a pregnant woman of a
2-18 product of human conception.
2-19 (2) "Stillbirth" means the death of a fetus before the
2-20 complete expulsion or extraction from its mother, regardless of the
2-21 duration of the pregnancy, as manifested by the fact that after
2-22 expulsion or extraction the fetus does not breathe spontaneously or
2-23 show any other evidence of life such as heartbeat, pulsation of the
2-24 umbilical cord, or definite movement of voluntary muscles.
2-25 (e) It is an affirmative defense to prosecution under
2-26 Subsection (a)(2) that the conduct charged is an abortion performed
3-1 by a physician in accordance with the Medical Practice Act (Article
3-2 4495b, Vernon's Texas Civil Statutes) and other applicable law.
3-3 SECTION 1.03. Section 49.07, Penal Code, is amended to read
3-4 as follows:
3-5 Sec. 49.07. INTOXICATION ASSAULT. (a) A person commits an
3-6 offense if the person, by accident or mistake, while operating an
3-7 aircraft, watercraft, or motor vehicle in a public place while
3-8 intoxicated, by reason of that intoxication causes:
3-9 (1) serious bodily injury to another; or
3-10 (2) bodily injury to another who is a pregnant woman
3-11 and causes her to suffer a miscarriage or stillbirth.
3-12 (b) In this section:
3-13 (1) "Miscarriage" has the meaning assigned by Section
3-14 22.02.
3-15 (2) "Serious[, "serious] bodily injury" means injury
3-16 that creates a substantial risk of death or that causes serious
3-17 permanent disfigurement or protracted loss or impairment of the
3-18 function of any bodily member or organ.
3-19 (3) "Stillbirth" has the meaning assigned by Section
3-20 22.02.
3-21 (c) Except as provided by Subsection (d), an [An] offense
3-22 under this section is a felony of the third degree.
3-23 (d) An offense under Subsection (a)(2) is a felony of the
3-24 second degree.
3-25 SECTION 1.04. The change in law made by this article applies
3-26 only to an offense committed on or after the effective date of this
4-1 Act. An offense committed before the effective date of this Act is
4-2 covered by the law in effect when the offense was committed, and
4-3 the former law is continued in effect for that purpose. For
4-4 purposes of this section, an offense was committed before the
4-5 effective date of this Act if any element of the offense occurred
4-6 before that date.
4-7 ARTICLE 2. CIVIL REMEDIES
4-8 SECTION 2.01. Title 4, Civil Practice and Remedies Code, is
4-9 amended by adding Chapter 99 to read as follows:
4-10 CHAPTER 99. MISCARRIAGE OR STILLBIRTH
4-11 Sec. 99.001. DEFINITIONS. In this chapter:
4-12 (1) "Miscarriage" means the interruption of the normal
4-13 development of a fetus, other than by a live birth, resulting in
4-14 the complete expulsion or extraction from a pregnant woman of a
4-15 product of human conception.
4-16 (2) "Stillbirth" means the death of a fetus before the
4-17 complete expulsion or extraction from its mother, regardless of the
4-18 duration of the pregnancy, as manifested by the fact that after
4-19 expulsion or extraction the fetus does not breathe spontaneously or
4-20 show any other evidence of life such as heartbeat, pulsation of the
4-21 umbilical cord, or definite movement of voluntary muscles.
4-22 Sec. 99.002. CAUSE OF ACTION. A person who is not the
4-23 mother is liable for damages under this chapter if, as a result of
4-24 the person's wrongful act or negligent act or omission, a pregnant
4-25 woman suffers a bodily injury that results in a miscarriage or
4-26 stillbirth.
5-1 Sec. 99.003. PERSONS WHO MAY BRING ACTION. The mother or
5-2 father of the fetus may bring an action under this chapter.
5-3 Sec. 99.004. DAMAGES. (a) In an action under this chapter,
5-4 a court may award:
5-5 (1) compensatory damages, including damages for mental
5-6 anguish and loss of companionship and society; and
5-7 (2) exemplary damages under Chapter 41.
5-8 (b) Damages under this chapter are in addition to other
5-9 damages that may be awarded under law for the injury to the
5-10 pregnant woman.
5-11 Sec. 99.005. ABORTION EXCLUDED. This chapter does not apply
5-12 to an abortion performed by a physician in accordance with the
5-13 Medical Practice Act (Article 4495b, Vernon's Texas Civil Statutes)
5-14 and other applicable law.
5-15 SECTION 2.02. Chapter 99, Civil Practice and Remedies Code,
5-16 as added by this Act, applies only to a cause of action that
5-17 accrues on or after the effective date of this Act. A cause of
5-18 action that accrues before the effective date of this Act is
5-19 governed by the law applicable to the cause of action immediately
5-20 before the effective date of this Act, and that law is continued in
5-21 effect for that purpose.
5-22 ARTICLE 3. EMERGENCY
5-23 SECTION 3.01. The importance of this legislation and the
5-24 crowded condition of the calendars in both houses create an
5-25 emergency and an imperative public necessity that the
5-26 constitutional rule requiring bills to be read on three several
6-1 days in each house be suspended, and this rule is hereby suspended,
6-2 and that this Act take effect and be in force from and after its
6-3 passage, and it is so enacted.