1-1 By: Harris S.B. No. 1304 1-2 (In the Senate - Filed March 8, 2001; March 12, 2001, read 1-3 first time and referred to Committee on Criminal Justice; 1-4 April 9, 2001, reported adversely, with favorable Committee 1-5 Substitute by the following vote: Yeas 7, Nays 0; April 9, 2001, 1-6 sent to printer.) 1-7 COMMITTEE SUBSTITUTE FOR S.B. No. 1304 By: Whitmire 1-8 A BILL TO BE ENTITLED 1-9 AN ACT 1-10 relating to the creation of a missing persons DNA database at the 1-11 University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth; 1-12 creating an offense for the release of confidential information in 1-13 the database and failure to destroy samples. 1-14 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS: 1-15 SECTION 1. Chapter 105, Education Code, is amended by adding 1-16 Subchapter I to read as follows: 1-17 SUBCHAPTER I. UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE 1-18 CENTER AT FORT WORTH MISSING PERSONS DNA DATABASE 1-19 Sec. 105.110. DEFINITIONS. In this subchapter: 1-20 (1) "Board" means the board of regents of the 1-21 University of North Texas. 1-22 (2) "Center" means the University of North Texas 1-23 Health Science Center at Fort Worth. 1-24 (3) "DNA" means deoxyribonucleic acid. 1-25 (4) "DNA database" means the database that contains 1-26 forensic DNA records maintained by the center. 1-27 (5) "DNA laboratory" means a laboratory that performs 1-28 forensic DNA analysis on samples or specimens derived from a human 1-29 body or crime scene. 1-30 (6) "DNA record" means the results of a forensic DNA 1-31 analysis performed by a DNA laboratory and, if known, the name of 1-32 the person who is the subject of the analysis. 1-33 (7) "High-risk missing person" means: 1-34 (A) a person missing as a result of abduction by 1-35 a stranger; 1-36 (B) a person missing under suspicious 1-37 circumstances; 1-38 (C) a person missing under unknown 1-39 circumstances; or 1-40 (D) a person who has been missing: 1-41 (i) for 30 days or more; or 1-42 (ii) for less than 30 days and, in the 1-43 discretion of the investigating agency, there is reason to believe 1-44 that the person is in danger or is deceased. 1-45 Sec. 105.111. ESTABLISHMENT OF DNA DATABASE FOR MISSING OR 1-46 UNIDENTIFIED PERSONS. The board shall develop at the center a DNA 1-47 database for all cases involving the report of an unidentified 1-48 deceased person or a high-risk missing person. 1-49 Sec. 105.112. INFORMATION STORED IN DATABASE; PURPOSE. 1-50 (a) The DNA database shall comprise DNA genetic markers that are 1-51 appropriate for human identification but that have no capability of 1-52 predicting biological function. These markers shall be selected by 1-53 the center and may change as the technology for DNA typing 1-54 progresses. 1-55 (b) The results of DNA typing shall be compatible with and 1-56 shall be uploaded into the CODIS DNA database established by the 1-57 Federal Bureau of Investigation. 1-58 (c) The sole purpose of this DNA database shall be to 1-59 identify missing persons, and this database shall be kept separate 1-60 from the database established by the Department of Public Safety 1-61 under Section 411.142, Government Code. 1-62 Sec. 105.113. COMPARISON OF SAMPLES. The center shall 1-63 compare DNA samples taken from the remains of unidentified deceased 1-64 persons with DNA samples taken from personal articles belonging to 2-1 high-risk missing persons or from the parents or appropriate 2-2 relatives of high-risk missing persons. 2-3 Sec. 105.114. PRESERVATION AND STORAGE OF SAMPLES. (a) The 2-4 board, in consultation with the center, shall by rule develop 2-5 standards and guidelines for the preservation and storage of DNA 2-6 samples. 2-7 (b) Any law enforcement agency that is required to collect 2-8 samples from unidentified remains for DNA testing shall comply with 2-9 all scientific methods typically used for the identification of 2-10 remains, including methods with regard to DNA evidence and 2-11 fingerprint evidence and methods of forensic anthropology and 2-12 forensic odontology. 2-13 Sec. 105.115. COLLECTION OF SAMPLES. (a) A medical 2-14 examiner, coroner, justice of the peace, contract pathologist, or 2-15 their designees, as applicable, shall collect samples for DNA 2-16 testing from the remains of all unidentified persons and shall send 2-17 those samples to the center for DNA testing and inclusion in the 2-18 DNA database. 2-19 (b) After the center has taken a sample from the remains for 2-20 DNA analysis and analyzed it, the remaining evidence shall be 2-21 returned to the appropriate local medical examiner. 2-22 Sec. 105.116. DUTY OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY TO NOTIFY 2-23 PARENT OF MISSING PERSON. (a) After a report has been made of a 2-24 person missing under high-risk circumstances, the responsible 2-25 investigating law enforcement agency shall inform the parents or 2-26 other appropriate relatives that they may give a voluntary sample 2-27 for DNA testing or may collect a DNA sample from a personal article 2-28 belonging to the high-risk missing person if available. The 2-29 samples shall be taken by the appropriate law enforcement agency in 2-30 a manner prescribed by the center. 2-31 (b) Not later than the 30th day after a missing person 2-32 report has been made, the responsible investigating law enforcement 2-33 agency shall inform the parents or other relatives of the missing 2-34 person of their right to give a sample. 2-35 Sec. 105.117. RELEASE FORM. (a) The center shall develop a 2-36 standard release form that authorizes a mother, father, or other 2-37 relative to voluntarily provide a sample for DNA testing. The 2-38 release shall explain that DNA is to be used only for the purpose 2-39 of identifying the missing person. 2-40 (b) No incentive or coercion may be used to compel a parent 2-41 or relative to provide a sample. 2-42 Sec. 105.118. MODEL KIT. The center shall develop a model 2-43 kit that law enforcement agencies shall use when taking samples 2-44 from parents and relatives. 2-45 Sec. 105.119. SUBMISSION OF SAMPLE TO CENTER. (a) Before 2-46 submitting a sample to the center for DNA analysis, the law 2-47 enforcement agency shall reverify the status of the missing person. 2-48 (b) Thirty days after the date a missing person report is 2-49 filed, or as soon thereafter as is practicable, the law enforcement 2-50 agency shall send to the center any sample taken for DNA testing 2-51 and inclusion in the DNA database, along with a copy of the crime 2-52 report and any supplemental information. 2-53 Sec. 105.120. DESTRUCTION OF SAMPLES. All samples and DNA 2-54 extracted from a living person shall be destroyed after a positive 2-55 identification is made and a report is issued. 2-56 Sec. 105.121. CONFIDENTIALITY. All DNA samples shall be 2-57 confidential and shall be disclosed only to personnel of the 2-58 center, law enforcement agencies, medical examiners, and district 2-59 attorneys, except that an officer of a law enforcement agency may 2-60 notify a victim's family in order to disclose whether a match has 2-61 occurred. 2-62 Sec. 105.122. CRIMINAL PENALTY AND CIVIL LIABILITY FOR 2-63 VIOLATION OF THIS SUBCHAPTER. (a) A person who collects, 2-64 processes, or stores DNA or samples from a living person used for 2-65 DNA testing under this subchapter, who intentionally violates 2-66 Section 105.120 or Section 105.121 is guilty of a Class B 2-67 misdemeanor. 2-68 (b) A person who collects, processes, or stores DNA or 2-69 samples from a living person for DNA testing under this subchapter 3-1 who intentionally violates Section 105.120 or Section 105.121 is 3-2 liable in civil damages to the donor of the DNA in the amount of 3-3 $5,000 for each violation, plus reasonable attorney's fees and 3-4 court costs. 3-5 SECTION 2. (a)(1) The University of North Texas Health 3-6 Science Center at Fort Worth missing persons DNA database shall be 3-7 funded by money deposited to the credit of the compensation to 3-8 victims of crime fund and the compensation to victims of crime 3-9 auxiliary fund and appropriated by the legislature. 3-10 (2) Money appropriated shall be deposited to the 3-11 credit of the University of North Texas Health Science Center at 3-12 Fort Worth missing persons DNA database fund, a special account 3-13 created in the general revenue fund for the sole purpose of 3-14 operating the database created under Subchapter I, Chapter 105, 3-15 Education Code, as added by this Act. Subsection (b), Section 3-16 403.095, Government Code, does not apply to the amount set aside by 3-17 this section. 3-18 (b)(1) Money appropriated to the University of North Texas 3-19 Health Science Center at Fort Worth missing persons DNA database 3-20 established under Subchapter I, Chapter 105, Education Code, as 3-21 added by this Act, shall be administered by the center for 3-22 establishing and maintaining center infrastructure, DNA sample 3-23 storage, DNA analysis, and labor costs for cases of missing persons 3-24 and unidentified remains. 3-25 (2) Funds may also be distributed by the University of 3-26 North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth to counties for the 3-27 purposes of pathology and exhumation as the center considers 3-28 necessary. The center may also expend funds to publicize the DNA 3-29 database for the purpose of contacting parents and relatives so 3-30 that they may provide a DNA sample, for training law enforcement 3-31 officials about the DNA database and DNA sampling, and for 3-32 outreach. 3-33 (c) The University of North Texas Health Science Center at 3-34 Fort Worth shall create an advisory committee composed of medical 3-35 examiners, appropriate law enforcement officials, and other 3-36 interested persons to impose priorities regarding the 3-37 identification of the backlog of unidentified remains. The 3-38 identification of the backlog may be outsourced to other 3-39 laboratories at the center's discretion. 3-40 (d)(1) Funding for the first year of operation of the 3-41 University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth 3-42 missing persons DNA database established under Subchapter I, 3-43 Chapter 105, Education Code, as added by this Act, shall be used to 3-44 develop the DNA database and center infrastructure, to establish 3-45 protocols, and to employ personnel. 3-46 (2) The University of North Texas Health Science 3-47 Center at Fort Worth shall begin case analyses using the missing 3-48 persons DNA database no later than September 1, 2001. The center 3-49 shall retain the authority to establish priorities regarding case 3-50 analyses, giving priority to those cases involving children. 3-51 (3) If federal funding is made available, it shall be 3-52 used to assist in the identification of the backlog of high-risk 3-53 missing person cases and long-term unidentified remains. 3-54 (4) This section expires January 1, 2006. 3-55 SECTION 3. If any provision of this Act or its application 3-56 to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity does 3-57 not affect other provisions or applications of this Act that can be 3-58 given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to 3-59 this end the provisions of this Act are declared to be severable. 3-60 SECTION 4. The changes in law made by this Act apply only to 3-61 a cause of action that accrues on or after the effective date of 3-62 this Act. A cause of action that accrues before the effective date 3-63 of this Act is governed by the law in effect on the date the cause 3-64 of action accrues, and that law is continued in effect for this 3-65 purpose. 3-66 SECTION 5. (a) The changes in law made by this Act apply 3-67 only to a criminal offense committed or a violation that occurs on 3-68 or after the effective date of this Act. For the purposes of this 3-69 section, a criminal offense is committed or a violation occurs 4-1 before the effective date of this Act if any element of the offense 4-2 or violation occurs before that date. 4-3 (b) A criminal offense committed or violation that occurs 4-4 before the effective date of this Act is covered by the law in 4-5 effect when the criminal offense was committed or the violation 4-6 occurred, and the former law is continued in effect for this 4-7 purpose. 4-8 SECTION 6. This Act takes effect immediately if it receives 4-9 a vote of two-thirds of all the members elected to each house, as 4-10 provided by Section 39, Article III, Texas Constitution. If this 4-11 Act does not receive the vote necessary for immediate effect, this 4-12 Act takes effect September 1, 2001. 4-13 * * * * *