BILL ANALYSIS

 

 

 

C.S.H.B. 1453

By: Gonzalez, Naomi

Human Services

Committee Report (Substituted)

 

 

 

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE

 

According to interested parties, current research suggests that frequent visitations between a parent and a young child who has been removed from the child's home by the state help to promote attachment and bonding between the child and parent and increase the likelihood of the child's reunification with the parent. Current state law does not provide for a visitation plan between a parent and a child who is in the custody of the Department of Family and Protective Services (DFPS), and concerned parties note that DFPS's current minimum visitation requirements only provide for one visit a month between a parent and child. These parties assert that state law should ensure appropriate attachment and bonding in children for whom the ultimate goal is reunification with their parents through frequent and quality visitations. C.S.H.B. 1453 seeks to address this issue by establishing requirements regarding parental visitations and the development of a visitation plan for certain children under the conservatorship of the state.

 

RULEMAKING AUTHORITY

 

It is the committee's opinion that this bill does not expressly grant any additional rulemaking authority to a state officer, department, agency, or institution.

 

ANALYSIS

 

C.S.H.B. 1453 amends the Family Code to require the Department of Family and Protective Services (DFPS), in a suit by a governmental entity to protect the health and safety of a child, to ensure that a parent who was otherwise entitled to possession of an applicable child before removal of the child by DFPS has an opportunity to visit the child not later than the third day after the date DFPS is named temporary managing conservator of the child unless DFPS determines that visitation is not in the child's best interest or that visitation with the parent would conflict with a court order relating to possession of or access to the child. The bill requires DFPS, before an adversary hearing in such a suit, to develop a temporary visitation schedule for the child's visits with each parent in collaboration with each parent of the child, to the extent possible. The bill authorizes the temporary visitation schedule to conform to DFPS's minimum visitation policies and requires DFPS to consider certain factors prescribed by the bill in developing the temporary visitation schedule. The bill establishes that the schedule remains in effect until a visitation plan is developed, unless the schedule is modified by court order. The bill authorizes DFPS to include the temporary visitation schedule in any report submitted to the court before or during an adversary hearing and authorizes the court to render any necessary order regarding the temporary visitation schedule. The bill makes these provisions applicable only in regard to a child who is in the temporary managing conservatorship of DFPS for whom DFPS's goal is reunification of the child with the child's parent.

 

C.S.H.B. 1453 requires DFPS, not later than the 30th day after the date DFPS is named temporary managing conservator of a child, to develop a visitation plan in collaboration with each parent of the child unless a child's parent cannot be located or DFPS cannot obtain the collaboration of the parent despite making reasonable efforts to locate or collaborate with the parent. The bill requires DFPS, in determining the frequency and circumstances of visitation, to consider the safety and best interest of the child, the child's age, the desires of each parent regarding visitation with the child, the location of each parent and the child, and the resources available to DFPS. The bill requires DFPS, not later than the 10th day before the date of a status hearing in the review of a placement of a child in DFPS care, to file with the court a copy of the visitation plan. The bill authorizes DFPS to amend the visitation plan for a parent on mutual agreement of that parent and DFPS or as DFPS considers necessary to ensure the safety of the child. The bill requires an amendment to the visitation plan to be in the child's best interest and requires DFPS to file a copy of any amended visitation plan with the court. The bill prohibits a visitation plan from conflicting with a court order relating to possession of or access to the child. The bill makes these provisions applicable only in regard to a child who is in the temporary managing conservatorship of DFPS for whom DFPS's goal is reunification of the child with the child's parent.

 

C.S.H.B. 1453 requires the court, at the first hearing in the review of a placement of a child in DFPS care held after the date an original or amended visitation plan is filed with the court, to review the visitation plan, taking into consideration the factors required to be considered by DFPS in determining the frequency and circumstances of visitation. The bill authorizes the court to modify, or order DFPS to modify, an original or amended visitation plan at any time. The bill authorizes a parent who is entitled to visitation under a visitation plan at any time to file a motion with the court to request review and modification of an original or amended visitation plan.

 

C.S.H.B. 1453 requires the court, after reviewing an original or amended visitation plan, to render an order regarding a parent's visitation with a child that the court determines appropriate. The bill requires the court, on finding that visitation between the child and a parent is not in the child's best interest, to render an order stating the reasons for making that finding and outlining specific steps the parent must take to be allowed to have visitation with the child. The bill requires the order, if it requires supervised visitation to protect the health and safety of the child, to outline specific steps the parent must take to have the level of supervision reduced.

 

C.S.H.B. 1453 requires the court, in each permanency hearing in a review of the placement of a child under DFPS care, to review any visitation plan or amended plan and render any orders for visitation the court determines necessary.

 

C.S.H.B. 1453 reenacts and amends Section 411.114(a)(3), Government Code, as amended by Chapters 598 (S.B. 218), 1056 (S.B. 221), and 1082 (S.B. 1178), Acts of the 82nd Legislature, Regular Session, 2011, to entitle DFPS to obtain from the Department of Public Safety (DPS) criminal history record information maintained by DPS that relates to a person who is selected by DFPS to supervise visitation under provisions relating to service plans and visitation plans for a child under DFPS care.

 

EFFECTIVE DATE

 

September 1, 2013.

 

COMPARISON OF ORIGINAL AND SUBSTITUTE

 

While C.S.H.B. 1453 may differ from the original in minor or nonsubstantive ways, the following comparison is organized and highlighted in a manner that indicates the substantial differences between the introduced and committee substitute versions of the bill.

 

INTRODUCED

HOUSE COMMITTEE SUBSTITUTE

SECTION 1.  Subchapter B, Chapter 262, Family Code, is amended by adding Section 262.115 to read as follows:

 

Sec. 262.115.  VISITATION WITH CERTAIN CHILDREN; PLAN; GUIDELINES.

 

(a) In this section, "department" means the Department of Family and Protective Services.

 

(b)  This section applies only to a child:

(1)  who is three years of age or younger;

(2)  who has been taken into possession by the department;

(3)  for whom the department is seeking appointment as temporary managing conservator; and

 

 

 

 

(4)  for whom the department's goal is reunification of the child with a parent, managing conservator, possessory conservator, guardian, caretaker, or custodian who is otherwise entitled to possession of the child.

 

(c)  The department shall ensure that a parent, managing conservator, possessory conservator, guardian, caretaker, or custodian who is otherwise entitled to possession of the child

has an opportunity to visit the child not later than the third day after the date of the initial hearing before a court regarding the child.

 

 

 

 

 

 

(d)  Before a full adversary hearing under Subchapter C, the department shall file a visitation plan with the court.  The visitation plan must allow a parent, managing conservator, possessory conservator, guardian, caretaker, or custodian who is otherwise entitled to possession of the child to have visitation with the child at least two times each week unless the department determines that visitation is not in the best interest of the child.

 

(e)  The department shall develop guidelines to govern appropriate visitation with a child under the visitation plan.

 

(f)  A visitation plan under this section may not conflict with an existing order for possession of or access to the child.

 

No equivalent provision.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

No equivalent provision.

SECTION 1.  Subchapter B, Chapter 262, Family Code, is amended by adding Section 262.115 to read as follows:

 

Sec. 262.115.  VISITATION WITH CERTAIN CHILDREN; TEMPORARY VISITATION SCHEDULE

 

(a)  In this section, "department" means the Department of Family and Protective Services.

 

(b)  This section applies only to a child:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1)  who is in the temporary managing conservatorship of the department; and

 

(2)  for whom the department's goal is reunification of the child with the child's parent.

 

 

 

 

(c)  The department shall ensure that a parent

 

 

who was entitled to possession of the child before removal of the child by the department has an opportunity to visit the child not later than the third day after the date the department is named temporary managing conservator of the child unless:

(1)  the department determines that visitation is not in the child's best interest; or

(2)  visitation with the parent would conflict with a court order relating to possession of or access to the child.

 

(Similar to Secs. 263.107(b), (c), and (d), Family Code, added below.)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Similar to Secs. 263.107(b) and (c), Family Code, added below.)

 

 

(Similar to Sec. 263.107(f), Family Code, added below.)

 

 

(d)  Before a hearing conducted under Subchapter C, the department, in collaboration with each parent of the child, to the extent possible, must develop a temporary visitation schedule for the child's visits with each parent.  The visitation schedule may conform to the department's minimum visitation policies.  The department shall consider the factors listed in Section 263.107(c) in developing the temporary visitation schedule.  Unless modified by court order, the schedule remains in effect until a visitation plan is developed under Section 263.107.

 

(e)  The department may include the temporary visitation schedule in any report the department submits to the court before or during a hearing under Subchapter C.  The court may render any necessary order regarding the temporary visitation schedule.

SECTION 2.  Subchapter C, Chapter 262, Family Code, is amended by adding Section 262.2012 to read as follows:

 

Sec. 262.2012.  REVIEW OF VISITATION PLAN; ORDER.

 

(a) In this section, "department" means the Department of Family and Protective Services.

 

(b)  At the full adversary hearing, the court shall review the department's visitation plan filed under Section 262.115.  The court, as the court determines appropriate, shall order visitation under the plan or, if the court finds that visitation under the plan is not in the child's best interest, the court shall render an order that:

(1)  modifies the visitation plan or provides for no visitation with the child;

(2)  states the reasons for finding that the plan is not in the child's best interest; and

(3)  outlines specific steps that the parent, managing conservator, possessory conservator, guardian, caretaker, or custodian who is entitled to possession of the child must take to be allowed more visits with the child.

 

(c)  The court may require supervision of each visit as the court determines necessary to protect the health and safety of the child.  A volunteer with the department or an organization that provides services to children in this state may provide the supervision required by court order if the volunteer has a background and criminal history check on file with the department.

 

(d)  Any visitation ordered under this section must comply with the guidelines adopted by the department under Section 262.115.

No equivalent provision, but see note below.

 

 

 

 

 

 

No equivalent provision.

 

 

 

(Similar to Secs. 263.108(a) and 263.109(a) and (b), added below.)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

No equivalent provision.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

No equivalent provision.

SECTION 3.  Section 263.202, Family Code, is amended by adding Subsection (i) to read as follows:

(i)  The court shall review the court's order relating to visitation rendered under Section 262.2012 and modify the order as the court determines necessary.

No equivalent provision, but see note below.

 

 

(See Secs. 263.108(a) and (b), Family Code, added below.)

 

No equivalent provision.

 

SECTION 2.  The heading to Chapter 263, Family Code, is amended to read as follows:

CHAPTER 263.  REVIEW OF PLACEMENT OF CHILDREN UNDER CARE OF DEPARTMENT OF FAMILY AND PROTECTIVE [AND REGULATORY] SERVICES

No equivalent provision.

 

SECTION 3.  The heading to Subchapter B, Chapter 263, Family Code, is amended to read as follows:

SUBCHAPTER B.  SERVICE PLAN AND VISITATION PLAN

No equivalent provision, but see notes below.

 

 

 

 

 

No equivalent provision.

 

 

 

 

 

(Similar to Secs. 262.115(d) and (e), Family Code, added above.)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Similar to Secs. 262.115(d) and (e), Family Code, added above.)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Similar to Secs. 262.115(d), Family Code, added above.)

 

 

 

 

No equivalent provision.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Similar to Sec. 262.115(f), Family Code, added above.)

 

 

 

 

 

 

(See Sec. 263.202(i), Family Code, added above. Similar to Sec. 262.2012(b), Family code, added above.)

 

 

 

 

(See Sec. 263.202(i), Family Code, added above. Similar to Sec. 262.2012(b), Family Code, added above.)

 

No equivalent provision.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Similar to Sec. 262.2012(b), Family Code, added above.)

 

 

 

(Similar to Sec. 262.2012(b), Family Code, added above.)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

No equivalent provision.

 

 

 

SECTION 4.  Subchapter B, Chapter 263, Family Code, is amended by adding Sections 263.107, 263.108, and 263.109 to read as follows:

 

Sec. 263.107.  VISITATION PLAN. 

 

(a)  This section applies only to a child in the temporary managing conservatorship of the department for whom the department's goal is reunification of the child with the child's parent.

 

(b)  Not later than the 30th day after the date the department is named temporary managing conservator of a child, the department shall develop a visitation plan in collaboration with each parent of the child unless a child's parent cannot be located or the department cannot obtain the collaboration of the parent despite making reasonable efforts to locate or collaborate with the parent.

 

(c)  In determining the frequency and circumstances of visitation under this section, the department must consider:

(1)  the safety and best interest of the child;

(2)  the age of the child;

(3)  the desires of each parent regarding visitation with the child;

(4)  the location of each parent and the child; and

(5)  the resources available to the department, including the resources to:

(A)  ensure that visitation is properly supervised by a department employee or, if determined appropriate by the department, another person the department determines suitable and who has a background and criminal history check on file with the department; and

(B)  provide transportation to and from visits.

 

(d)  Not later than the 10th day before the date of a status hearing under Section 263.201, the department shall file with the court a copy of the visitation plan developed under this section.

 

(e)  The department may amend the visitation plan for a parent on mutual agreement of that parent and the department or as the department considers necessary to ensure the safety of the child.  An amendment to the visitation plan must be in the child's best interest.  The department shall file a copy of any amended visitation plan with the court.

 

(f)  A visitation plan developed under this section may not conflict with a court order relating to possession of or access to the child.

 

Sec. 263.108.  REVIEW OF VISITATION PLAN; MODIFICATION.

 

(a)  At the first hearing held under this chapter after the date an original or amended visitation plan is filed with the court under Section 263.107, the court shall review the visitation plan, taking into consideration the factors specified in Section 263.107(c).

 

(b)  The court may modify, or order the department to modify, an original or amended visitation plan at any time.

 

(c)  A parent who is entitled to visitation under a visitation plan may at any time file a motion with the court to request review and modification of an original or amended visitation plan.

 

Sec. 263.109.  COURT IMPLEMENTATION OF VISITATION PLAN. 

 

(a)  After reviewing an original or amended visitation plan, the court shall render an order regarding a parent's visitation with a child that the court determines appropriate.

 

(b)  If the court finds that visitation between a child and a parent is not in the child's best interest, the court shall render an order that:

(1)  states the reasons for finding that visitation is not in the child's best interest; and

(2)  outlines specific steps the parent must take to be allowed to have visitation with the child.

 

(c)  If the order regarding visitation between a child and a parent requires supervised visitation to protect the health and safety of the child, the order must outline specific steps the parent must take to have the level of supervision reduced.

SECTION 4.  Section 263.306(a), Family Code, is amended to read as follows:

(a)  At each permanency hearing the court shall:

(1)  identify all persons or parties present at the hearing or those given notice but failing to appear;

(2)  review the efforts of the department or another agency in:

(A)  attempting to locate all necessary persons;

(B)  requesting service of citation; and

(C)  obtaining the assistance of a parent in providing information necessary to locate an absent parent, alleged father, or relative of the child;

(3)  review the efforts of each custodial parent, alleged father, or relative of the child before the court in providing information necessary to locate another absent parent, alleged father, or relative of the child;

(4)  review the court's order relating to visitation rendered under Section 262.2012 and modify the order as the court determines necessary;

(5)  return the child to the parent or parents if the child's parent or parents are willing and able to provide the child with a safe environment and the return of the child is in the child's best interest;

(6) [(5)]  place the child with a person or entity, other than a parent, entitled to service under Chapter 102 if the person or entity is willing and able to provide the child with a safe environment and the placement of the child is in the child's best interest;

(7) [(6)]  evaluate the department's efforts to identify relatives who could provide the child with a safe environment, if the child is not returned to a parent or another person or entity entitled to service under Chapter 102;

(8) [(7)]  evaluate the parties' compliance with temporary orders and the service plan;

(9) [(8)]  determine whether:

(A)  the child continues to need substitute care;

(B)  the child's current placement is appropriate for meeting the child's needs, including with respect to a child who has been placed outside of the state, whether that placement continues to be in the best interest of the child; and

(C)  other plans or services are needed to meet the child's special needs or circumstances;

(10) [(9)]  if the child is placed in institutional care, determine whether efforts have been made to ensure placement of the child in the least restrictive environment consistent with the best interest and special needs of the child;

(11) [(10)]  if the child is 16 years of age or older, order services that are needed to assist the child in making the transition from substitute care to independent living if the services are available in the community;

(12) [(11)]  determine plans, services, and further temporary orders necessary to ensure that a final order is rendered before the date for dismissal of the suit under this chapter;

(13) [(12)]  if the child is committed to the Texas Juvenile Justice Department [Youth Commission] or released under supervision by the Texas Juvenile Justice Department [Youth Commission], determine whether the child's needs for treatment, rehabilitation, and education are being met; and

(14) [(13)]  determine the date for dismissal of the suit under this chapter and give notice in open court to all parties of:

(A)  the dismissal date;

(B)  the date of the next permanency hearing; and

(C)  the date the suit is set for trial.

SECTION 5.  Section 263.306(a), Family Code, is amended to read as follows:

(a)  At each permanency hearing the court shall:

(1)  identify all persons or parties present at the hearing or those given notice but failing to appear;

(2)  review the efforts of the department or another agency in:

(A)  attempting to locate all necessary persons;

(B)  requesting service of citation; and

(C)  obtaining the assistance of a parent in providing information necessary to locate an absent parent, alleged father, or relative of the child;

(3)  review the efforts of each custodial parent, alleged father, or relative of the child before the court in providing information necessary to locate another absent parent, alleged father, or relative of the child;

 

(4)  review any visitation plan or amended plan required under Section 263.107 and render any orders for visitation the court determines necessary;

(5)  return the child to the parent or parents if the child's parent or parents are willing and able to provide the child with a safe environment and the return of the child is in the child's best interest;

(6) [(5)]  place the child with a person or entity, other than a parent, entitled to service under Chapter 102 if the person or entity is willing and able to provide the child with a safe environment and the placement of the child is in the child's best interest;

 

(7) [(6)]  evaluate the department's efforts to identify relatives who could provide the child with a safe environment, if the child is not returned to a parent or another person or entity entitled to service under Chapter 102;

 

(8) [(7)]  evaluate the parties' compliance with temporary orders and the service plan;

(9) [(8)]  determine whether:

(A)  the child continues to need substitute care;

(B)  the child's current placement is appropriate for meeting the child's needs, including with respect to a child who has been placed outside of the state, whether that placement continues to be in the best interest of the child; and

(C)  other plans or services are needed to meet the child's special needs or circumstances;

(10) [(9)]  if the child is placed in institutional care, determine whether efforts have been made to ensure placement of the child in the least restrictive environment consistent with the best interest and special needs of the child;

(11) [(10)]  if the child is 16 years of age or older, order services that are needed to assist the child in making the transition from substitute care to independent living if the services are available in the community;

 

(12) [(11)]  determine plans, services, and further temporary orders necessary to ensure that a final order is rendered before the date for dismissal of the suit under this chapter;

 

(13) [(12)]  if the child is committed to the Texas Juvenile Justice Department [Youth Commission] or released under supervision by the Texas Juvenile Justice Department [Youth Commission], determine whether the child's needs for treatment, rehabilitation, and education are being met; and

 

(14) [(13)]  determine the date for dismissal of the suit under this chapter and give notice in open court to all parties of:

(A)  the dismissal date;

(B)  the date of the next permanency hearing; and

(C)  the date the suit is set for trial.

No equivalent provision.

 

SECTION 6.  Section 411.114(a)(3), Government Code, as amended by Chapters 598 (S.B. 218), 1056 (S.B. 221), and 1082 (S.B. 1178), Acts of the 82nd Legislature, Regular Session, 2011, is reenacted and amended to read as follows:

(3)  The Department of Family and Protective Services is entitled to obtain from the department criminal history record information maintained by the department that relates to a person who is:

(A)  a volunteer or applicant volunteer with a local affiliate in this state of Big Brothers/Big Sisters of America;

(B)  a volunteer or applicant volunteer with the "I Have a Dream/Houston" program;

(C)  a volunteer or applicant volunteer with an organization that provides court-appointed special advocates for abused or neglected children;

(D)  a person providing, at the request of the child's parent, in-home care for a child who is the subject of a report alleging the child has been abused or neglected;

(E)  a volunteer or applicant volunteer with a Texas chapter of the Make-a-Wish Foundation of America;

(F)  a person providing, at the request of the child's parent, in-home care for a child only if the person gives written consent to the release and disclosure of the information;

(G)  a child who is related to the caretaker, as determined under Section 42.002, Human Resources Code, and who resides in or is present in a child-care facility or family home, other than a child described by Subdivision (2)(C), or any other person who has unsupervised access to a child in the care of a child-care facility or family home;

(H)  an applicant for a position with the Department of Family and Protective Services, other than a position described by Subdivision (2)(D), regardless of the duties of the position;

(I)  a volunteer or applicant volunteer with the Department of Family and Protective Services, other than a registered volunteer, regardless of the duties to be performed;

(J)  a person providing or applying to provide in-home, adoptive, or foster care for children to the extent necessary to comply with Subchapter B, Chapter 162, Family Code;

(K)  a Department of Family and Protective Services employee, other than an employee described by Subdivision (2)(H), regardless of the duties of the employee's position;

(L)  a relative of a child in the care of the Department of Family and Protective Services, to the extent necessary to comply with Section 162.007, Family Code;

(M)  a person, other than an alleged perpetrator in a report described in Subdivision (2)(I), living in the residence in which the alleged victim of the report resides;

(N)  a contractor or an employee of a contractor who delivers services to a ward of the Department of Family and Protective Services under a contract with the estate of the ward;

(O)  a person who seeks unsupervised visits with a ward of the Department of Family and Protective Services, including a relative of the ward;

(P)  an employee, volunteer, or applicant volunteer of a children's advocacy center under Subchapter E, Chapter 264, Family Code, including a member of the governing board of a center; [or]

(Q)  an employee of, an applicant for employment with, or a volunteer or an applicant volunteer with an entity or person that contracts with the Department of Family and Protective Services and has access to confidential information in the department's records, if the employee, applicant, volunteer, or applicant volunteer has or will have access to that confidential information;

(R) [(Q)]  an employee of or volunteer at, or an applicant for employment with or to be a volunteer at, an entity that provides supervised independent living services to a young adult receiving extended foster care services from the Department of Family and Protective Services; [or]

(S) [(R)]  a person 14 years of age or older who will be regularly or frequently working or staying in a host home that is providing supervised independent living services to a young adult receiving extended foster care services from the Department of Family and Protective Services; or

(T)  a person selected by the Department of Family and Protective Services to supervise visitation under Subchapter B, Chapter 263, Family Code.

SECTION 5.  The changes in law made by this Act apply only to a child who is taken into possession by the Department of Family and Protective Services on or after the effective date of this Act.  A child taken into possession by the Department of Family and Protective Services before the effective date of this Act is governed by the law in effect on the date the child was taken into possession, and the former law is continued in effect for that purpose.

SECTION 7. Same as introduced version.

 

 

No equivalent provision.

 

SECTION 8.  To the extent of any conflict, this Act prevails over another Act of the 83rd Legislature, Regular Session, 2013, relating to nonsubstantive additions to and corrections in enacted codes.

SECTION 6.  This Act takes effect September 1, 2013.

SECTION 9. Same as introduced version.