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A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
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AN ACT
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relating to the discharge of a surety's liability on a bail bond in |
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a criminal case. |
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BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS: |
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SECTION 1. Article 17.09, Code of Criminal Procedure, is |
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amended to read as follows: |
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Art. 17.09. DURATION; ORIGINAL AND SUBSEQUENT PROCEEDINGS; |
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NEW BAIL |
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Sec. 1. Where a defendant, in the course of a criminal |
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action, gives bail before any court or person authorized by law to |
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take same, for the defendant's [his] personal appearance before a |
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court or magistrate, to answer a charge against the defendant |
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[him], the [said] bond shall be valid and binding on [upon] the |
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defendant and the defendant's [his] sureties, if any, thereon, for |
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the defendant's personal appearance before the court or magistrate |
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designated therein, as well as before any other court to which same |
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may be transferred, and for any and all subsequent proceedings |
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related [had relative] to the charge, and each [such] bond shall be |
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[so] conditioned as described by this section, except as otherwise |
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[hereinafter] provided by this article. |
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Sec. 2. When a defendant has once given bail for the |
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defendant's [his] appearance in answer to a criminal charge, the |
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defendant may [he shall] not be required to give another bond in the |
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course of the same criminal action except as otherwise [herein] |
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provided by this article. |
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Sec. 3. If [Provided that whenever], during the course of |
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the action, the judge or magistrate in whose court the [such] action |
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is pending finds that the bond is defective, excessive, or |
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insufficient in amount, or that the sureties, if any, are not |
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acceptable, or for any other good and sufficient cause, the [such] |
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judge or magistrate may, either in term-time or in vacation, order |
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the accused to be rearrested[,] and require the accused to give |
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another bond in an [such] amount that [as] the judge or magistrate |
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considers [may deem] proper. When the subsequent [such] bond is |
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[so] given and approved by the judge or magistrate, the defendant |
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shall be released from custody. |
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Sec. 4. (a) The judge or magistrate in whose court the |
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criminal action is pending shall discharge a surety's liability on |
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a bond if the surety: |
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(1) files with the judge or magistrate an affidavit |
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stating that: |
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(A) more than five years have elapsed since the |
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date of the defendant's last court hearing or appearance in the |
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case; |
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(B) the surety no longer wishes to be a surety on |
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the bond; and |
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(C) the surety will give the prosecuting attorney |
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notice of the affidavit; and |
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(2) gives the prosecuting attorney the notice |
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described by Subdivision (1)(C). |
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(b) If the judge or magistrate discharges a surety's |
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liability under Subsection (a) and an indictment or information |
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remains pending against the defendant, the judge or magistrate |
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shall issue a capias for the defendant. |
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Sec. 5. Notwithstanding any other provision of this |
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article, the judge or magistrate in whose court a criminal action is |
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pending may not order the accused to be rearrested or require the |
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accused to give another bond in a higher amount because the accused: |
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(1) withdraws a waiver of the right to counsel; or |
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(2) requests the assistance of counsel, appointed or |
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retained. |
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SECTION 2. The change in law made by this Act applies only |
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to a bail bond that is executed on or after the effective date of |
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this Act. A bail bond that is executed before the effective date of |
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this Act is governed by the law in effect on the date the bail bond |
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was executed, and the former law is continued in effect for that |
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purpose. |
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SECTION 3. This Act takes effect September 1, 2013. |