BILL ANALYSIS

Senate Research Center	S.B. 7
85R3686 GCB-F	By: Bettencourt
	Education
	2/21/2017
	As Filed

AUTHOR'S / SPONSOR'S STATEMENT OF INTENT

The number of educators investigated for having an inappropriate relationship with a student has increased each year since 2009, when the Texas Education Agency (TEA) began collecting this data. In fiscal year 2015-2016, there were 222 reported cases.

Teachers who currently face accusations of sexual misconduct or other serious allegations remain in the profession because school districts allow them to resign instead of firing them to avoid potential legal battles.

Districts sometimes rid themselves of problem teachers by agreeing to pay them through the end of the school year and remove incriminating documentation from their personnel files and place it in a separate confidential file. Districts also provide them with a neutral reference when a potential employer calls.

Currently, the statutes only pertain to intra-district relationships. S.B. 7 will encompass inter-district relationships as well.

Under S.B. 7, an educator's certificate will be revoked if they receive deferred adjudication or have to be on the sex offender registry for any sex crime.

Currently, reporting is required to be done by the school superintendent. S.B. 7 will expand reporting obligations to include principals. This will be beneficial for the larger school districts in the state.

S.B. 7 makes the failure to report an incident a Class A criminal offense unless it is determined during the trial of the offense that the superintendent/director intentionally tried to conceal the incident. In that case, it is a state jail felony.

S.B. 7 requires for continuing education that would include preventing, recognizing, and reporting inappropriate sexual conduct between an educator and a student.

To prevent "passing the trash,� S.B. 7 states an educator certificate may be revoked if an administrator assists a person in obtaining employment at a school and they knew or should have known that person had engaged in sexual misconduct.

This bill expands TEA's subpoena authority to include testimony and the attendance of relevant witnesses during the investigation process.

Under S.B. 7, teacher evaluations may be provided to TEA for investigative proceedings.

One factor contributing to the rise of inappropriate relationships is the increased use of social media and electronic communications. S.B. 7 will require that school districts adopt, implement, and enforce local policies regarding teacher-student electronic communications.

S.B. 7 also states the commissioner may authorize a special accreditation investigation when a school district fails to produce, upon request of the agency, evidence or an investigation report relating to an educator who is under investigation by the State Board of Educator Certification.

As proposed, S.B. 7 amends current law relating to improper relationships between educators and students, creates a criminal offense, and expands the applicability of an existing offense.

RULEMAKING AUTHORITY

This bill does not expressly grant any additional rulemaking authority to a state officer, institution, or agency.

SECTION BY SECTION ANALYSIS

SECTION 1. Amends Section 21.12(a), Penal Code, to redefine an offense committed by an employee of a public or private primary or secondary school.

SECTION 2. Amends Article 42.018(a), Code of Criminal Procedure, as follows:

(a) Provides that this article applies only to conviction or deferred adjudication granted on the basis of an offense under Title 5 (Offenses Against the Person), Penal Code, if the victim of the offense is under 18 years of age or to an offense on conviction of which a defendant is required to register as a sex offender under Chapter 62 (Sex Offender Registration Program), rather than this article applies only to conviction or deferred adjudication granted on the basis of: an offense under Title 5, Penal Code; or an offense on conviction of which a defendant is required to register as a sex offender under Chapter 62; and if the victim of the offense is under 18 years of age.�

SECTION 3. Amends Section 21.006, Education Code, by amending Subsections (b), (b-1), and (c) and adding Subsections (b-2) and (i), as follows:

(b) Requires the superintendent or director of a school district, open enrollment charter school, regional education service center, or shared services arrangement to notify the State Board for Educator Certification (SBEC) if an educator�s employment was terminated and there is evidence that the educator committed certain violations, rather than the educator�s employment was terminated based on evidence that the educator committed certain violations.�

(b-1) Requires a superintendent or director of a school district or open-enrollment charter school to complete an investigation of an educator that involves, rather than is based on, evidence that the educator may have engaged in misconduct.�

(b-2) Requires the principal of a school district or open-enrollment charter school campus to notify the superintendent or director of the district or school not later than the seventh day after the date the principal knew or should have known about an educator's criminal record or a termination of employment or resignation following an alleged incident of misconduct.

(c) Requires the superintendent or director to notify SBEC by filing a report with SBEC not later than the seventh day after the date the superintendent or director knew or should have known about an educator's, rather than an employee's, criminal record or a termination of employment or resignation following an alleged incident of misconduct.

(i) Provides that a superintendent or director required to file a report under Subsection (c) commits an offense if the superintendent or director knowingly fails to file the report by the required date. Provides that a principal required to notify a superintendent or director about an educator's criminal record or alleged incident of misconduct commits an offense if the principal knowingly fails to provide the notice by the required date. Establishes that an offense under this subsection is a Class A misdemeanor, except that the offense is a state jail felony if it is shown on the trial of the offense that the superintendent, director, or principal intended to conceal an educator's criminal record or alleged incident of misconduct.

SECTION 4. Amends Sections 21.054(d) and (e), Education Code, as follows:

(d) Requires the continuing education requirements for a classroom teacher to include instruction regarding, among certain other topics, understanding appropriate relationships, boundaries, and communications between educators and students.

(e) Requires the continuing education requirements for a principal to include instruction regarding, among certain other topics, preventing, recognizing, and reporting any sexual conduct between an educator and student that is prohibited under Section 21.12 (Improper Relationship Between Educator and Student), Penal Code, or for which reporting is required under Section 21.006 (Requirement to Report Misconduct).

SECTION 5. Amends Section 21.058(a), Education Code, as follows:

(a) Provides that certain procedures apply only to a person who is registered as a sex offender under Chapter 62, Code of Criminal Procedure, or convicted of a felony offense under Title 5, Penal Code, committed against a victim younger than 18 years of age. Deletes existing text providing that certain procedures apply only to conviction of a felony offense under Title 5, Penal Code, or an offense on conviction of which a defendant is required to register as a sex offender under Chapter 62, Code of Criminal Procedure; and if the victim of the offense is under 18 years of age.

SECTION 6. Amends Subchapter B, Chapter 21, Education Code, by adding Section 21.0581, as follows:

Sec. 21.0581. REVOCATION FOR ASSISTING PERSON WHO ENGAGED IN SEXUAL MISCONDUCT OBTAIN EMPLOYMENT. (a) Authorizes SBEC to suspend or revoke a certificate held by a person under this subchapter, impose other sanctions against the person, or refuse to issue a certificate to the person if the person assists another person in obtaining employment at a school district or open-enrollment charter school, other than by the routine transmission of administrative and personnel files; and the person knew or should have known that the other person previously engaged in sexual misconduct with a minor or student in violation of the law.

(b) Authorizes SBEC to require a school district to revoke or decline to issue a school district teaching permit under Section 21.055 (School District Teaching Permit) issued to or requested by a person subject to SBEC action.

SECTION 7. Amends Section 21.062(a), Education Code, to include the attendance of a relevant witness, among certain items the commissioner of education (commissioner) or a person designated by the commissioner is authorized to compel by subpoena during an investigation of an educator for an alleged incident of misconduct.

SECTION 8. Amends Section 21.355, Education Code, by amending Subsection (a) and adding Subsections (d) and (e), as follows:

(a) Provides that a document evaluating the performance of a teacher or administrator is confidential and is not subject to disclosure under Chapter 552 (Public Information), Government Code.

(d) Authorizes a school district or open-enrollment charter school to give the Texas Education Agency (TEA) a document evaluating the performance of a teacher or administrator employed by the district or school.

(e) Authorizes a document provided to TEA, notwithstanding Subsection (a) and except as otherwise provided by a court order prohibiting disclosure, to be used in a disciplinary proceeding against a teacher or administrator based on a submitted report concerning an alleged incident of misconduct.

SECTION 9. Amends Subchapter A, Chapter 38, Education Code, by adding Section 38.027, as follows:

Sec. 38.027. ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION POLICY. (a) Defines "electronic communication."

(b) Requires a school district to adopt a written policy concerning electronic communications between a school employee and a student enrolled in the district.

(c) Requires the adopted policy to include provisions designed to prevent improper electronic communications between a school employee and a student.

SECTION 10. Amends Section 39.057(a), Education Code, to authorize the commissioner to authorize special accreditation investigations to be conducted when, among certain other conditions, a school district for any reason fails to produce, at the request of TEA, evidence or an investigation report relating to an educator who is under investigation by SBEC.

SECTION 11. Makes application of this Act prospective.

SECTION 12. Effective date: September 1, 2017.