88R3027 MLH-F

By: Dutton H.B. No. 957

A BILL TO BE ENTITLED

AN ACT

relating to standing in a suit affecting the parent-child relationship.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:

SECTION 1. Section 102.003, Family Code, is amended to read as follows:

Sec. 102.003. GENERAL STANDING TO FILE SUIT. (a) An original suit may be filed at any time by:

(1) a parent of the child;

(2) the child through a representative authorized by the court;

(3) a custodian or person having the right of visitation with or access to the child appointed by an order of a court of another state or country;

(4) a guardian of the person or of the estate of the child;

(5) a governmental entity;

(6) the Department of Family and Protective Services;

(7) a licensed child placing agency;

(8) a man alleging himself to be the father of a child filing in accordance with Chapter 160, subject to the limitations of that chapter, but not otherwise;

(9) a person, other than a foster parent, relative, or designated caregiver of a child placed by the Department of Family and Protective Services, who has had actual care, control, and possession of the child for at least six months ending not more than 90 days preceding the date of the filing of the petition;

(10) a person designated as the managing conservator in a revoked or unrevoked affidavit of relinquishment under Chapter 161 or to whom consent to adoption has been given in writing under Chapter 162;

(11) [a person with whom the child and the child's guardian, managing conservator, or parent have resided for at least six months ending not more than 90 days preceding the date of the filing of the petition if the child's guardian, managing conservator, or parent is deceased at the time of the filing of the petition;

[(12)] a person who is the foster parent, relative, or designated caregiver of a child placed by the Department of Family and Protective Services in the person's home for at least 12 months ending not more than 90 days preceding the date of the filing of the petition, unless:

(A) the child has been returned to the parent under Section 263.403; or

(B) the child has been placed with a parent and the suit by the Department of Family and Protective Services has been dismissed under Section 263.401;

(12) [(13)] a person who is a relative of the child within the fourth [third] degree by consanguinity, as determined by Chapter 573, Government Code, if the child's parents are deceased at the time of the filing of the petition;

(13) [(14)] a person who has been named as a prospective adoptive parent of a child by a pregnant woman or the parent of the child, in a verified written statement to confer standing executed under Section 102.0035, regardless of whether the child has been born; or

(14) [(15)] subject to Subsection (d), a person who is an intended parent of a child or unborn child under a gestational agreement that complies with the requirements of Section 160.754.

(b) In computing the time necessary for standing under Subsections (a)(9) and [,] (11), [and (12),] the court may not require that the time be continuous and uninterrupted but shall consider the child's principal residence during the relevant time preceding the date of commencement of the suit.

(c) Notwithstanding the time requirements of Subsection (a)(11) [(a)(12)], a person who is the foster parent of a child may file a suit to adopt a child for whom the person is providing foster care at any time after the person has been approved to adopt the child. The standing to file suit under this subsection applies only to the adoption of a child who is eligible to be adopted.

(d) A person described by Subsection (a)(14) [(a)(15)] has standing to file an original suit only if:

(1) the person is filing an original suit jointly with the other intended parent under the gestational agreement; or

(2) the person is filing an original suit against the other intended parent under the gestational agreement.

SECTION 2. Sections 102.0035(a) and (e), Family Code, are amended to read as follows:

(a) A pregnant woman or a parent of a child may execute a statement to confer standing to a prospective adoptive parent as provided by this section to assert standing under Section 102.003(a)(13) [102.003(a)(14)]. A statement to confer standing under this section may not be executed in a suit brought by a governmental entity under Chapter 262 or 263.

(e) A statement to confer standing is not required in a suit brought by a person who has standing to file a suit affecting the parent-child relationship under Sections 102.003(a)(1)-(12) and (14) [102.003(a)(1)-(13)] or any other law under which the person has standing to file a suit.

SECTION 3. The heading to Section 102.004, Family Code, is amended to read as follows:

Sec. 102.004. STANDING FOR CERTAIN RELATIVES AND [GRANDPARENT OR] OTHER PERSONS [PERSON].

SECTION 4. Section 102.004, Family Code, is amended by amending Subsections (a), (b), and (b-1) and adding Subsections (b-2) and (b-3) to read as follows:

(a) In addition to the general standing to file suit provided by Section 102.003, a grandparent, or another relative of the child related within the fourth [third] degree by consanguinity, may file an original suit requesting managing conservatorship if there is satisfactory proof to the court that:

(1) the order requested is necessary because the child's present circumstances would significantly impair the child's physical health or emotional development; or

(2) both parents, the surviving parent, or the managing conservator or custodian either filed the petition or consented to the suit.

(b) An original suit requesting possessory conservatorship may not be filed by a grandparent or other relative or person. However, [the court may grant] a grandparent or other relative or person may intervene in a pending suit under Subsection (b-1) or (b-2), as applicable.

(b-1) A grandparent or other relative of the child within the fourth degree of consanguinity may intervene in a pending suit filed by a person authorized to do so under this chapter if there is satisfactory proof to the court that appointment of a parent as a sole managing conservator or both parents as joint managing conservators would significantly impair the child's physical health or emotional development.

(b-2) The court may grant a person, other than a grandparent or other relative of the child within the fourth degree of consanguinity, subject to the requirements of Subsection (b-3) [(b-1)] if applicable, deemed by the court to have had substantial past contact with the child leave to intervene in a pending suit filed by a person authorized to do so under this chapter if there is satisfactory proof to the court that appointment of a parent as a sole managing conservator or both parents as joint managing conservators would significantly impair the child's physical health or emotional development. The court may not grant a person leave to intervene under this subsection unless each parent consents to the intervention.

(b-3) [(b-1)] A foster parent, relative, or designated caregiver may only be granted leave to intervene under Subsection (b-2) [(b)] if the foster parent, relative, or designated caregiver would have standing to file an original suit as provided by Section 102.003(a)(11) [102.003(a)(12)].

SECTION 5. Section 102.005, Family Code, is amended to read as follows:

Sec. 102.005. STANDING TO REQUEST TERMINATION AND ADOPTION. An original suit requesting only an adoption or for termination of the parent-child relationship joined with a petition for adoption may be filed by:

(1) a stepparent of the child;

(2) an adult who, as the result of a placement for adoption, has had actual possession and control of the child at any time during the 30-day period preceding the filing of the petition; or

(3) [an adult who has had actual possession and control of the child for not less than two months during the three-month period preceding the filing of the petition;

[(4)] an adult who has adopted, or is the foster parent of and has petitioned to adopt, a sibling of the child[; or

[(5) another adult whom the court determines to have had substantial past contact with the child sufficient to warrant standing to do so].

SECTION 6. Section 102.006(c), Family Code, is amended to read as follows:

(c) The limitations on filing suit imposed by this section do not apply to a relative within the fourth degree of consanguinity of a former parent whose parent-child relationship with the child has been terminated by court order [an adult sibling of the child, a grandparent of the child, an aunt who is a sister of a parent of the child, or an uncle who is a brother of a parent of the child] if the relative [adult sibling, grandparent, aunt, or uncle] files an original suit or a suit for modification requesting managing conservatorship of the child not later than the 90th day after the date the parent-child relationship between the child and the parent is terminated in a suit filed by the Department of Family and Protective Services requesting the termination of the parent-child relationship.

SECTION 7. The changes in law made by this Act apply only to a suit affecting the parent-child relationship filed on or after the effective date of this Act. A suit affecting the parent-child relationship filed before that date is governed by the law in effect on the date the suit was filed, and that law is continued in effect for that purpose.

SECTION 8. This Act takes effect September 1, 2023.