89R2350 TJB-F

By: Hall S.B. No. 80

A BILL TO BE ENTITLED

AN ACT

relating to the Texas Sovereignty Act.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:

SECTION 1. (a) This Act may be cited as the Texas Sovereignty Act.

(b) The legislature finds that:

(1) The people of the several states forming the United States of America created the federal government to be their agent for certain enumerated powers delegated by the states and the people to the federal government through the United States Constitution.

(2) The Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution confirms the intent and understanding of the people of the United States that all powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, or prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people.

(3) Each power delegated to the federal government by the United States Constitution is constitutionally limited to that power as it was understood and exercised at the time it was delegated. An amendment to the Constitution as ratified by the states is required to expand or limit a constitutionally delegated power.

(4) The United States Constitution authorizes the United States Congress to exercise only those specific powers enumerated in Section 8, Article I, United States Constitution, and those other powers as may be delegated to Congress through amendments to the Constitution as ratified by the states.

(5) Article VI, United States Constitution, makes supreme the Constitution and federal laws enacted pursuant to the Constitution, further requiring that public officials at all levels and in all branches of government support the Constitution.

(6) The power delegated to the United States Congress to regulate commerce among the several states under Section 8, Article I, United States Constitution, is limited to federal regulation of actual commerce between the states and among foreign nations. Regulation of intrastate commerce is reserved to the states and to the people of the states. The Commerce Clause of the Constitution constrains the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of the federal government.

(7) The power delegated to the United States Congress to make all necessary and proper federal laws under Section 8, Article I, United States Constitution, allows Congress to enact only those laws necessary and proper to execute the constitutionally delegated powers vested in the federal government, all other powers being reserved to the states and to the people of the states.

(8) The power delegated to the United States Congress to provide for the general welfare of the United States under Section 8, Article I, United States Constitution, in the General Welfare Clause constitutionally constrains Congress when exercising a delegated power to act in a manner that serves the states and the people of the states well and uniformly.

(9) Sections 1 and 2, Article I, Texas Constitution, provide that this state and the people of this state retain the sovereign power to regulate the affairs of Texas, subject only to the United States Constitution.

(c) The federal government does not have the power to take any legislative, executive, or judicial action that violates the United States Constitution.

(d) The contract with the State of Texas has been willfully violated by the federal government and must be constitutionally restored.

(e) This Act calls on all officials in federal, state, and local government, in all branches and at all levels, to honor their oaths to preserve, protect, and defend the United States Constitution and its ratified amendments against any federal action that:

(1) would unconstitutionally undermine, diminish, or disregard the balance of powers between the sovereign states and the federal government established by the United States Constitution and its ratified amendments; or

(2) is outside the scope of the power delegated to the federal government by the United States Constitution.

SECTION 2. Subtitle Z, Title 3, Government Code, is amended by adding Chapter 394 to read as follows:

CHAPTER 394. ENFORCEMENT OF UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION

Sec. 394.001. DEFINITIONS. In this chapter:

(1) "Committee" means the Joint Legislative Committee on Constitutional Enforcement.

(2) "Federal action" includes:

(A) a federal law;

(B) a federal agency rule, policy, or standard;

(C) an executive order of the president of the United States;

(D) an order or decision of a federal court; and

(E) the making or enforcing of a treaty.

(3) "Unconstitutional federal action" means a federal action enacted, adopted, or implemented without authority specifically delegated to the federal government by the people and the states through the United States Constitution.

Sec. 394.002. JOINT LEGISLATIVE COMMITTEE ON CONSTITUTIONAL ENFORCEMENT. (a) The Joint Legislative Committee on Constitutional Enforcement is established as a permanent joint committee of the legislature. The committee is established to review federal actions that challenge the sovereignty of the state and of the people for the purpose of determining if the federal action is unconstitutional.

(b) The committee consists of the following 12 members:

(1) six members of the house of representatives appointed by the speaker of the house; and

(2) six members of the senate appointed by the lieutenant governor.

(c) Not more than four house members of the committee may be members of the same political party. Not more than four senate members of the committee may be members of the same political party.

(d) Members of the committee serve two-year terms beginning with the convening of each regular legislative session.

(e) If a vacancy occurs on the committee, the appropriate appointing officer shall appoint a member of the house or senate, as appropriate, to serve for the remainder of the unexpired term.

(f) The speaker of the house and the lieutenant governor shall each designate one member of the committee as a joint chair of the committee.

(g) The committee shall meet at the call of either joint chair.

(h) A majority of the members of the committee constitute a quorum.

Sec. 394.003. COMMITTEE REVIEW OF FEDERAL ACTION. (a) The committee may review any federal action to determine whether the action is an unconstitutional federal action.

(b) When reviewing a federal action, the committee shall consider the plain reading and reasoning of the text of the United States Constitution and the understood definitions at the time of the framing and construction of the Constitution by our forefathers before making a final declaration of constitutionality, as demonstrated by:

(1) the ratifying debates in the several states;

(2) the understanding of the leading participants at the constitutional convention;

(3) the understanding of the doctrine in question by the constitutions of the several states in existence at the time the United States Constitution was adopted;

(4) the understanding of the United States Constitution by the first United States Congress;

(5) the opinions of the first chief justice of the United States Supreme Court;

(6) the background understanding of the doctrine in question under the English Constitution of the time; and

(7) the statements of support for natural law and natural rights by the framers and the philosophers admired by the framers.

(c) Not later than the 180th day after the date the committee holds its first public hearing to review a specific federal action, the committee shall vote to determine whether the action is an unconstitutional federal action.

(d) The committee may determine that a federal action is an unconstitutional federal action by majority vote.

(e) The committee shall submit each determination that a federal action is an unconstitutional federal action to the Supreme Court of Texas for review. The Supreme Court of Texas shall review the determination and make a written finding as to whether the federal action is an unconstitutional federal action. The Supreme Court of Texas shall provide the written finding to the committee not later than the 30th day after the date the committee's determination is submitted to the court.

Sec. 394.004. LEGISLATIVE DETERMINATION. (a) If the supreme court finds under Section 394.003(e) that a federal action is an unconstitutional federal action, the committee shall report the finding to the house of representatives and to the senate during:

(1) the current session of the legislature if the legislature is convened when the supreme court makes the finding; or

(2) the next regular or special session of the legislature if the legislature is not convened when the supreme court makes the finding.

(b) Each house of the legislature shall vote on whether the federal action is an unconstitutional federal action. If a majority of the members of each house determine that the federal action is an unconstitutional federal action, the determination shall be sent to the governor for approval or disapproval as provided by Section 14, Article IV, Texas Constitution, regarding bills.

(c) A federal action is declared by the state to be an unconstitutional federal action on the day:

(1) the governor approves the vote of the legislature making the determination; or

(2) the determination would become law if presented to the governor as a bill and not objected to by the governor.

(d) The secretary of state shall forward official copies of the declaration to the president of the United States, to the speaker of the House of Representatives and the president of the Senate of the Congress of the United States, and to all members of the Texas delegation to Congress with the request that the declaration of unconstitutional federal action be entered in the Congressional Record.

Sec. 394.005. OTHER DETERMINATIONS OF UNCONSTITUTIONAL FEDERAL ACTS. (a) This chapter does not limit or alter the authority of the governor, the attorney general, a statewide elected official, a state or federal court, a judge or justice, a state or local appointed or elected official, or the governing body of a political subdivision of this state to issue a verbal or written opinion determining a federal action to be unconstitutional.

(b) An opinion issued under Subsection (a) may be referred to the committee for review under this chapter.

Sec. 394.006. EFFECT OF DECLARED UNCONSTITUTIONAL FEDERAL ACTION. (a) A federal action declared to be an unconstitutional federal action under Section 394.004 has no legal effect in this state and may not be recognized by this state or a political subdivision of this state as having legal effect.

(b) The state and a political subdivision of the state may not spend public money or resources or incur public debt to implement or enforce a federal action declared to be an unconstitutional federal action.

(c) A person authorized to enforce the laws of this state may enforce those laws, including Section 39.03, Penal Code, against a person who attempts to implement or enforce a federal action declared to be an unconstitutional federal action.

(d) This chapter does not prohibit a public officer who has taken an oath to defend the United States Constitution from interposing to stop acts of the federal government which, in the officer's best understanding and judgment, violate the United States Constitution.

(e) Texas officials in federal, state, and local government shall honor their oaths to preserve, protect, and defend the United States Constitution and shall act to constitutionally defend this state and the people of this state.

Sec. 394.007. AUTHORITY OF ATTORNEY GENERAL. The attorney general may defend the state to prevent the implementation and enforcement of a federal action declared to be an unconstitutional federal action.

SECTION 3. Chapter 37, Civil Practice and Remedies Code, is amended by adding Section 37.0056 to read as follows:

Sec. 37.0056. DECLARATIONS RELATING TO UNCONSTITUTIONAL ACTS OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. (a) In this section, "federal action" and "unconstitutional federal action" have the meanings assigned by Section 394.001, Government Code.

(b) Any court in this state has original jurisdiction of a proceeding seeking a declaratory judgment that a federal action effective in this state is an unconstitutional federal action.

(c) A person is entitled to declaratory relief if the court determines that a federal action is an unconstitutional federal action.

(d) In determining whether to grant declaratory relief to a person under this section, a court:

(1) may not rely solely on the decisions of other courts interpreting the United States Constitution; and

(2) must rely on the plain meaning of the text of the United States Constitution and any applicable constitutional doctrine as understood by the framers of the constitution.

(e) Section 37.008 does not apply to relief sought under this section.

SECTION 4. (a) Not later than the 30th day following the effective date of this Act:

(1) the speaker of the house of representatives and the lieutenant governor shall appoint the initial members of the Joint Legislative Committee on Constitutional Enforcement established under Section 394.002, Government Code, as added by this Act; and

(2) the secretary of state shall forward official copies of this Act to the president of the United States, to the speaker of the House of Representatives and the president of the Senate of the Congress of the United States, and to all members of the Texas delegation to Congress with the request that this Act be officially entered in the Congressional Record.

(b) Not later than the 45th day following the effective date of this Act, the speaker of the house of representatives and the lieutenant governor shall forward official copies of this Act to the presiding officers of the legislatures of the several states.

SECTION 5. This Act takes effect immediately if it receives a vote of two-thirds of all the members elected to each house, as provided by Section 39, Article III, Texas Constitution. If this Act does not receive the vote necessary for immediate effect, this Act takes effect September 1, 2025.