S.B. No. 2601

AN ACT

relating to the landowner compensation program.

BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS:

SECTION 1. Article 56C.001(2), Code of Criminal Procedure, is amended to read as follows:

(2) "Border crime" means conduct:

(A) constituting an offense under:

(i) Subchapter D, Chapter 481, Health and Safety Code;

(ii) Section 20.05, 20.06, or 38.04, Penal Code; or

(iii) Chapter 20A, Penal Code; and

(B) involving transnational criminal activity.

SECTION 2. Article 56C.003, Code of Criminal Procedure, is amended to read as follows:

Art. 56C.003. LANDOWNER COMPENSATION PROGRAM. (a) From the funding sources described by Subsection (a-1) [money appropriated for the purpose], the attorney general shall establish and administer a program to compensate landowners and lessees who suffer real property damage on agricultural land, or damage to livestock, timber, or crops on agricultural land, caused by:

(1) a trespasser as a result of an offense under Chapter 28, Penal Code, that was committed in the course of or in furtherance of a border crime; or

(2) a law enforcement response to a trespasser who was engaged in a border crime.

(a-1) The attorney general may use money from the following sources to establish the program described by Subsection (a):

(1) money appropriated, credited, or transferred by the legislature for purposes of the program; and

(2) grants and reimbursements received from the federal government for purposes of the program.

(b) The attorney general shall establish:

(1) eligibility criteria for compensation under this article, including requirements for providing proof of eligibility for compensation;

(2) application procedures;

(3) criteria for evaluating applications and awarding compensation;

(4) guidelines related to compensation amounts, provided that the maximum amount awarded per incident causing damage may not exceed a total of $75,000 and any portion of damages attributable to livestock, timber, or crops may not exceed $10,000; and

(5) procedures for monitoring the use of compensation awarded under this article and ensuring compliance with any conditions of the award.

(b-1) For purposes of Subsection (a), damage caused to agricultural land includes any debris, pollutants, or contaminants left on the land during the applicable incident, and compensation awarded under this article may include an amount necessary to clean up the debris, pollutants, or contaminants to restore the soil to its agricultural use.

(c) The attorney general may not award compensation under this article for [real property] damage caused by a trespasser described by Subsection (a)(1) unless the damage is documented in a written report by a law enforcement agency as having occurred in connection with a border crime.

(c-1) On request by the attorney general and not later than the 14th business day after the date of the request, a law enforcement agency shall release to the attorney general all reports, including witness statements and criminal history record information, to allow the attorney general to determine whether a person qualifies for an award of compensation under this article and the extent of the damage.

(c-2) The attorney general may not award compensation under this article to a lessee for real property damage caused by a trespasser described by Subsection (a)(1) unless the lessee provides a notarized statement from the landowner authorizing the lessee to directly receive compensation awarded under this article for the damage.

(d) In awarding compensation under this article for [real property] damage caused by a trespasser described by Subsection (a)(1), the attorney general may not consider the outcome of any criminal prosecution arising out of:

(1) the offense under Chapter 28, Penal Code, as a result of which the applicant suffered [property] damage; or

(2) the applicable offense listed in Article 56C.001(2)(A).

SECTION 3. Article 56C.006(a), Code of Criminal Procedure, is amended to read as follows:

(a) The program established under Article 56C.003 is a payer of last resort for [real property] damage described by that article.

SECTION 4. Sections 552.132(a), (b), (c), and (d), Government Code, are amended to read as follows:

(a) Except as provided by Subsection (d), in this section, "crime victim or claimant" means:

(1) a victim or claimant under Chapter 56B, Code of Criminal Procedure, who has filed an application for compensation under that chapter; or

(2) a person who has filed an application for compensation under Chapter 56C, Code of Criminal Procedure.

(b) The following information held by [the crime victim's compensation division of] the attorney general's office in connection with an application for compensation under Chapter 56B or 56C, Code of Criminal Procedure, is confidential:

(1) the name, social security number, address, or telephone number of a crime victim or claimant; or

(2) any other information the disclosure of which would identify or tend to identify the crime victim or claimant.

(c) If the crime victim or claimant is awarded compensation under Article 56B.103, [or] 56B.104, or 56C.003, Code of Criminal Procedure, as of the date of the award of compensation, the name of the crime victim or claimant and the amount of compensation awarded to that crime victim or claimant are public information and are not excepted from the requirements of Section 552.021.

(d) An employee of a governmental body who is also a victim under Chapter 56B, Code of Criminal Procedure, or has suffered property damage for which the employee is eligible for compensation under Chapter 56C of that code, regardless of whether the employee has filed an application for compensation under the applicable [that] chapter, may elect whether to allow public access to information held by the attorney general's office or other governmental body that would identify or tend to identify the employee [victim], including a photograph or other visual representation of the employee [victim]. An election under this subsection must be made in writing on a form developed by the governmental body, be signed by the employee, and be filed with the governmental body before the third anniversary of the latest to occur of one of the following:

(1) the date the crime was committed or the property damage occurred, as applicable;

(2) the date employment begins; or

(3) the date the governmental body develops the form and provides it to employees.

SECTION 5. Section 2251.052, Insurance Code, is amended by adding Subsection (a-1) to read as follows:

(a-1) In setting rates, an insurer may not consider whether a claim has been made by or on behalf of a policyholder in relation to an event documented by a report described by Article 56C.003(c), Code of Criminal Procedure.

SECTION 6. Chapter 56C, Code of Criminal Procedure, as amended by this Act, applies only to compensation for damages incurred in connection with conduct constituting an offense occurring on or after the effective date of this Act. Compensation for damages incurred in connection with conduct constituting an offense occurring before the effective date of this Act is governed by the law in effect on the date the conduct occurred, and the former law is continued in effect for that purpose. For purposes of this section, conduct constituting an offense occurred before the effective date of this Act if any element of the offense occurred before that date.

SECTION 7. Section 2251.052(a-1), Insurance Code, as added by this Act, applies only to an insurance policy that is delivered, issued for delivery, or renewed on or after January 1, 2026. A policy delivered, issued for delivery, or renewed before January 1, 2026, is governed by the law as it existed immediately before the effective date of this Act, and that law is continued in effect for that purpose.

SECTION 8. This Act takes effect September 1, 2025.

______________________________ ______________________________

President of the Senate Speaker of the House

I hereby certify that S.B. No. 2601 passed the Senate on April 24, 2025, by the following vote: Yeas 31, Nays 0; May 26, 2025, Senate refused to concur in House amendments and requested appointment of Conference Committee; May 27, 2025, House granted request of the Senate; May 30, 2025, Senate adopted Conference Committee Report by the following vote: Yeas 31, Nays 0.

______________________________ Secretary of the Senate

I hereby certify that S.B. No. 2601 passed the House, with amendments, on May 23, 2025, by the following vote: Yeas 139, Nays 0, one present not voting; May 27, 2025, House granted request of the Senate for appointment of Conference Committee; May 31, 2025, House adopted Conference Committee Report by the following vote: Yeas 129, Nays 0, two present not voting.

______________________________ Chief Clerk of the House

Approved:

______________________________

Date

______________________________

Governor